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Oxidative stress has been shown to occur in the small intestine in response to the oral administration of indomethacin, an NSAID commonly used in toxicity studies. In view of this, the effect of curcumin, an agent with anti\u2010oxidant properties, was evaluated on indomethacin\u2010induced small intestinal damage in a rat model. Rats were pretreated with various doses of curcumin (20 mg kg<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>, 40 mg kg<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup> and 80 mg kg<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>) before administering indomethacin at 20 mg kg<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>. Various parameters of oxidative stress and the extent of small intestinal damage produced by indomethacin, with and without pretreatment with curcumin, were measured. Macroscopic ulceration was found to occur in the small intestine in response to indomethacin. The viability of enterocytes from indomethacin\u2010treated animals was significantly lower than those from control animals. Drug\u2010induced oxidative stress was also evident as seen by increases in the levels of malondialdehyde and protein carbonyl and in activities of pro\u2010oxidant enzymes such as myeloperoxidase and xanthine oxidase in indomethacin\u2010treated rats. Concomitant decreases were seen in the activities of the antioxidant enzymes catalase and glutathione peroxidase in these animals. Pretreatment with curcumin was found to ameliorate these drug\u2010induced changes. Thus, curcumin appears to hold promise as an agent that can potentially reduce NSAID\u2010induced small intestinal damage. 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