{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,16]],"date-time":"2025-10-16T00:48:51Z","timestamp":1760575731952,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2008,9,12]],"date-time":"2008-09-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1221177600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J of Applied Toxicology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Occupational exposure to beryllium may cause chronic beryllium disease (CBD), a granulomatous interstitial pneumonitis caused by a cell\u2010mediated immune response with delayed hypersensitivity initiated by an electrostatic interaction with the MHC class II human leukocyte antigen (HLA). Increased research efforts focus on the development of a CBD treatment by chelation therapy. This work presents an <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic> evaluation of the beneficial effects of beryllium chelation with different organic substrates. We have used a standard beryllium lymphocyte proliferation test (BeLPT) adapted for mouse splenocytes. Three complexing agents, 4,5\u2010dihydroxy\u20101,3\u2010benzenedisulfonic acid (tiron), nitrilotripropionic acid (NTP) and nitrilotriacetic acid (NTA), were tested using different protocols of the splenocyte proliferation test (SPT). We studied their corrective effect (beryllium pre\u2010exposed splenocytes), their protective effect (ligand pre\u2010exposed splenocytes) and their combined effects at fixed Be:L ratio of 1:2, at fixed Be concentration and at fixed L concentration. We also studied the effect of tiron in preventing splenocyte sensitization to beryllium. All three complexing agents showed a corrective effect and proved efficient in the combined effects, except NTA in the fixed Be:L ratio. Only NTP and tiron showed a significant protection at lower beryllium concentrations, while NTA was not significant. Splenocytes pre\u2010exposed to chelated beryllium did not show sensitization while splenocytes pre\u2010exposed to beryllium were sensitized. We observed a strong correlation between the efficiency of the complexing agent and its affinity towards beryllium. Both tiron and NTP showed a similar affinity towards the beryllium ion that is 10<jats:sup>7<\/jats:sup> higher than that of NTA. Copyright \u00a9 2008 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jat.1378","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,9,12]],"date-time":"2008-09-12T05:35:37Z","timestamp":1221197737000},"page":"27-35","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Use of proliferation tests to evaluate the effects of complexing agents on beryllium toxicity"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"29","author":[{"given":"Chadi H.","family":"Stephan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"S\u00e9bastien","family":"Sauv\u00e9","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michel","family":"Fournier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Pauline","family":"Brousseau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2008,9,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1399-0039.2003.00131.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1744-7348.1939.tb06990.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2975","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V95.9.2975.009k03_2975_2982","article-title":"The assessment of serum nontransferrin\u2010bound iron in chelation therapy and iron supplementation","volume":"95","author":"Breuer W","year":"2000","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.V97.3.792"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/ic025612u"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.soilbio.2007.04.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/ic00110a041"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/ic00310a014"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"84","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3565(25)21043-6","article-title":"Mobilization of lead over the course of DMSA chelation therapy and long\u2010term efficacy","volume":"246","author":"Cory\u2010Slechta DA.","year":"1988","journal-title":"J. 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