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The brain aromatase gene is up\u2010regulated by estrogens and estrogen mimics and considered a target gene to screen estrogen mimics. This study was designed to test the estrogenic potential and toxic effects of benomyl in the zebrafish system, and validated this system as a model that may correspond to the effect of benomyl in rodents. Concentrations of 20 \u00d7 10<jats:sup>\u22126<\/jats:sup>, 40 \u00d7 10<jats:sup>\u22126<\/jats:sup> and 80 \u00d7 10<jats:sup>\u22126<\/jats:sup>\u00a0<jats:sc>m<\/jats:sc> of benomyl\u2010treated embryos showed decreased survival, hatching and heart rates, and increased incidence of malformations, such as pericardial edema, spinal lordosis, elongated heart, head edema, eye lens protrusion and caudal fin disappearance. Benomyl induced enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) expression in the mediobasal hypothalamus (MBH) in transient zebrafish embryos with a brain aromatase\u2010based reporter gene. In this study, we determined that benomyl has estrogenic potential based on zebrafish brain aromatase gene induction, and that benomyl is toxic at 20 \u00d7 10<jats:sup>\u22126<\/jats:sup>\u00a0<jats:sc>m<\/jats:sc> concentration and higher. These results demonstrate the usefulness of zebrafish embryos as an <jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic> system to examine the estrogenic and developmental toxic potential of unknown compounds. Copyright \u00a9 2008 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jat.1405","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,12,4]],"date-time":"2008-12-04T07:14:22Z","timestamp":1228374862000},"page":"289-294","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":22,"title":["Benomyl induction of brain aromatase and toxic effects in the zebrafish embryo"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"29","author":[{"given":"Dong\u2010Jae","family":"Kim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Seung\u2010Hyeok","family":"Seok","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Min\u2010Won","family":"Baek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hui\u2010Young","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yi\u2010Rang","family":"Na","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sung\u2010Hoon","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hyun\u2010Kyoung","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Noton Kumar","family":"Dutta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Koichi","family":"Kawakami","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jae\u2010Hak","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2008,12,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0300-483X(83)90110-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0378-4274(82)90111-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.93101378"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aquatox.2008.05.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.py.24.090186.000355"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.72.1.174"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10937409809524541"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/tcm.1770070404"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1124\/mol.58.4.852"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/jf60193a046"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1191\/074823399678846655"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.94102680"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1065\/espr2007.12.466"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/j.1939-4640.1988.tb01059.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2005.02.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/02713689109013852"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0041-008X(82)90100-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.devcel.2004.06.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aquatox.2004.04.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/endo.142.2.7928"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.961041084"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/taap.1996.8042"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/faat.1997.2315"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/15287398809531210"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.20497"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2003-1182"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/toxsci\/kfh292"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/toxsci\/54.1.121"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2005.12.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00216-003-2251-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_32_1","first-page":"39","article-title":"Relation of the general toxic, embryotoxic and teratogenic action of exogenous chemical substances and possibility of prognosticating their effect in the antenatal period of ontogenesis","volume":"3","author":"Shtenberg AI","year":"1972","journal-title":"Vestn. 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