{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,2]],"date-time":"2026-04-02T19:32:24Z","timestamp":1775158344979,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2006,1,11]],"date-time":"2006-01-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1136937600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":6068,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J of Applied Toxicology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1989,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Reports of respiratory problems among industrial workers exposed repeatedly by inhalation to azodicarbonamide (ADA) raised concern that ADA might be a pulmonary sensitizer. We used a non\u2010invasive method for measuring specific airway conductance to evaluate the potential for repeated inhalation of unconjugated ADA to cause specific or non\u2010specific pulmonary sensitization in the guinea pig. Two groups of male Hartley guinea pigs were exposed 6 h\/day, 5 days\/week for 4 weeks to aerosolized ADA at 51 or 200 mg\/m<jats:sup>3<\/jats:sup>, or to filtered air as controls. One group was tested for specific sensitization to ADA by measuring specific airway conductance during inhalation challenge with ADA before and on the third day after the 4\u2010week ADA exposure. The ADA concentrations for the challenges were identical to the repeated exposure concentrations (51 or 200 mg\/m<jats:sup>3<\/jats:sup>, 200 mg\/m<jats:sup>3<\/jats:sup> for controls). The other group was tested for non\u2010specific airway sensitization by inhalation challenge with aerosolized histamine before and after the 4\u2010week ADA exposure. Histamine was administered in stepwise increasing concentrations to elicit an airway response in each guinea pig. Skin tests for immunological responses to ADA, body weight and histopathology of the respiratory tract and skin test sites were also evaluated. The 4\u2010week exposure to ADA did not result in either specific or non\u2010specific airway sensitization. The ADA exposure did not induce positive skin reactions, influence body weight or cause histopathological responses. These results indicate that ADA, acting alone (i.e. not conjugated to a protein), is not a pulmonary sensitizer in the guinea pig exposed repeatedly for 4 weeks and challenged to simulate a \u2018Monday morning\u2019 exposure.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jat.2550090303","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,10,16]],"date-time":"2006-10-16T01:24:19Z","timestamp":1160961859000},"page":"145-153","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Effect of four\u2010week repeated inhalation exposure to unconjugated azodicarbonamide on specific and non\u2010specific airway sensitivity of the guinea pig"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Robert F.","family":"Gerlach","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michele A.","family":"Medinsky","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Charles H.","family":"Hobbs","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"David E.","family":"Bice","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"William E.","family":"Bechtold","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yung\u2010Sung","family":"Cheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nancy A.","family":"Gillett","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Linda S.","family":"Birnbaum","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Joe L.","family":"Mauderly","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2006,1,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00043764-197706000-00012"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/thx.36.12.906"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajim.4700110109"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_2","unstructured":"NIOSH National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health Health Hazard Evaluation Report No. 88\u2013451\u20131547. 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