{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,16]],"date-time":"2025-10-16T00:33:52Z","timestamp":1760574832484,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2006,1,11]],"date-time":"2006-01-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1136937600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":5581,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J of Applied Toxicology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1990,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>The kinetics of the oxidation of hemoglobin (Hb) and myoglobin (Mb) by sodium nitrite, 8\u2010[(4\u2010amino\u20101\u2010methylbutyl)amino]\u20106\u2010methoxy\u2010quinoline diphosphate (primaquine), 6\u2010methoxy\u20108\u2010(6\u2010diethvlaminohexylamino)\u20104\u2010meihyl\u2010quinoline dihydrochloride (WR6026) and 8\u2010[(4\u2010amino\u20101\u2010methylbutyl)amino]\u20102,6\u2010diniethoxy\u20104\u2010methyl\u20105\u2010[(3\u2010trifluoromethyl)phenoxy]quinoline succinate (WR238,605) were studied at pH values ranging from 7.4 to 7.6 and at 37 \u00b1 1\u00b0C. The reaction between Hb and primaquine, WR6026 and WR238,605 resulted in precipitation, as did the reaction between Mb and WR238,605. The reaction between nitrite ion (NO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub><jats:sup>\u2212<\/jats:sup>) and Hb showed a lag period followed by an autocatalytic phase. The data in this study are consistent with and substantiate the proposed mechanism for the Hb\u2013NO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub><jats:sup>\u2212<\/jats:sup> oxidation reaction. The reaction between Mb and NO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub><jats:sup>\u2212<\/jats:sup> at higher NO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub><jats:sup>\u2212<\/jats:sup> concentrations also showed a lag period followed by an autocatalytic period, while at lower NO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub><jats:sup>\u2212<\/jats:sup> concentrations no lag period was seen. The data suggest a shift in rate constant at these lower NO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub><jats:sup>\u2212<\/jats:sup> concentrations. The reaction between Mb and both WR6026 and primaquine followed a two\u2010term rate law with oxidant\u2010dependent and \u2010independent terms. Concentration\u2013effect curve data, along with these results, suggest the presence of a catalytic pathway. The rates of formation of cyanomethemoglobin and cyanometinyoglobin complexes from cyanide ion and methemoglobin (MHb) and metmyoglobin (MMb), respectively, were followed in the presence of the heme oxidants. The rate constants were all within a narrow range and suggest that complexation of cyanide by MHb and MMb is not affected by the presence of oxidants.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jat.2550100507","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,10,16]],"date-time":"2006-10-16T01:59:22Z","timestamp":1160963962000},"page":"345-351","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Formation of methemoglobin and metmyoglobin using 8\u2010aminoquinoline derivatives or sodium nitrite and subsequent reaction with cyanide"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Ralph K.","family":"Steinhaus","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Steven I.","family":"Baskin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"James H.","family":"Clark","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Stephen D.","family":"Kirby","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2006,1,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_2","first-page":"55","volume-title":"Methemoglobinemia: A Comprehensive Treatise","author":"Kiese M.","year":"1974"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_2","first-page":"125","article-title":"Therapeutic and prophylactic effect of methemoglobinemia in inhalation poisoning by cyanide and cyanogen chloride","volume":"28","author":"Jandorf B. 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