{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,2]],"date-time":"2025-11-02T16:22:56Z","timestamp":1762100576604,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2006,1,11]],"date-time":"2006-01-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1136937600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":5155,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J of Applied Toxicology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1991,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>In a 1\u2010month feeding trial, pure and commercial tri\u2010<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2010butyltin oxide (TBTO) and tri\u2010<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2010butyltin chloride (TBTC) were fed to rats at concentrations of 5 ppm and 25 ppm. At all times, the mean body weight gain and the food consumption was significantly less in rats treated with 25 ppm pure TBTO or pure TBTC as compared to control rats or rats receiving commerical TBTO. Histological examination of the thymus of rats treated for 7 days with TBTO showed atrophy with severe lymphocytic depletion in the cortex. After 28 days of exposure, most of the lesions reversed and the thymus became markedly smaller than in control rats, both in absolute terms and in relation to body weight. Seven days of exposure to TBTO increased liver weight but this change was reversed during a further 3\u2010week exposure. Tin concentrations were the highest in livers and kidneys. Concentrations in the thymus were less than one\u2010fifth of hepatic values. Changes in the rats treated with the commercial TBTO were very similar. Rats treated with TBTC showed lower tin levels and less immunotoxicity as compared to those treated with TBTO.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jat.2550110604","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,10,16]],"date-time":"2006-10-16T02:57:46Z","timestamp":1160967466000},"page":"397-402","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":29,"title":["Immunotoxicity of tri\u2010<i>n<\/i>\u2010butyltin oxide (TBTO) and tri\u2010<i>n<\/i>\u2010butyltin chloride (TBTC) in the rat"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"G.","family":"Bressa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"R. H.","family":"Hinton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"S. 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