{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T18:35:07Z","timestamp":1787769307728,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,1,28]],"date-time":"2013-01-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1359331200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J of Applied Toxicology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:p>The generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) from an ultraviolet (UV)\u2010exposed chemical can be an experimental indicator of phototoxic potential. The aim of the present study was to develop a new ROS assay using serum albumin to provide photosafety assessment under experimental biomimetic conditions. To assess assay robustness, a validation study on an albuminous ROS (aROS) assay was conducted with a focus on intra\u2010 and inter\u2010day precisions and Z\u2019\u2010factor reflecting both the assay signal\u2010to\u2010noise ratio and variation associated with signal measurements. In the aROS assay on quinine HCl (200 \u03bcM), a typical phototoxic drug, both intra\u2010 and inter\u2010day precisions (coefficient of variation; CV) were found to be below 4%, and the Z\u2019\u2010factors for singlet oxygen and superoxide suggested a large separation band between samples and blank signals. To evaluate the prediction capacity, the aROS and ROS assays were applied to 21 phototoxins and 10 non\u2010phototoxic chemicals. Upon aROS assay on these model chemicals, the individual specificity was 100%, and the positive and negative predictivities were found to be 100% and 81.8%, respectively. The aROS assay can be employed for poorly soluble chemicals for which the ROS assay is unavailable. Comparing the ROS assay data, there seemed to be a photochemical transition of some chemicals in albuminous solution. A molecular interaction between albumin and chemical was also assessed by UV and fluorescent spectroscopic analyses, and the results suggested the limited relationship between the albumin\u2013chemical interaction and the photochemical change. The aROS assay may allow photosafety assessment of new drug entities with a wide range of applicability partly under experimental biomimetic conditions. Copyright \u00a9 2013 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jat.2846","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,1,28]],"date-time":"2013-01-28T06:59:07Z","timestamp":1359356347000},"page":"158-165","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Development of an albuminous reactive oxygen species assay for photosafety evaluation under experimental biomimetic conditions"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"34","author":[{"given":"Satomi","family":"Onoue","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences University of Shizuoka  52\u20101 Yada, Suruga\u2010ku Shizuoka 422\u20108526 Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Masashi","family":"Kato","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences University of Shizuoka  52\u20101 Yada, Suruga\u2010ku Shizuoka 422\u20108526 Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shizuo","family":"Yamada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences University of Shizuoka  52\u20101 Yada, Suruga\u2010ku Shizuoka 422\u20108526 Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,1,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1468-3083.2000.00164.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1196\/annals.1430.046"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/jp900580e"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0065-3233(08)60640-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5813","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(18)99374-9","article-title":"Combination of bovine carbonic anhydrase with a fluorescent sulfonamide","volume":"242","author":"Chen RF","year":"1967","journal-title":"J. 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