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However, these techniques are limited for large\u2010scale assays, as they demand either a time\u2010consuming detailed inspection of the animals or intensive computing resources in order to analyze a considerable amount of screenshots. Recently, we have developed a simple methodology for tracking the locomotor activity of small animals cultured in microtiter plates. In this work, we implemented this automatic methodology, based on infrared (IR) microbeam scattering, for measuring behavioral activity in zebrafish larvae. We determined the appropriate culture conditions, number of animals and stage of development to get robust results. Furthermore, we validated this methodology as a rapid test for evaluating toxicity. By measuring the effects of reference compounds on larvae activity, we were able to estimate the concentration that could cause a 50% decrease in activity events values (AEC<jats:sub>50<\/jats:sub>), showing a strong linear correlation (<jats:italic>R<\/jats:italic><jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\u2009=\u20090.91) with the LC<jats:sub>50<\/jats:sub> values obtained with the standard <jats:italic>Dar<\/jats:italic>T test. The toxicity order of the measured compounds was CuSO<jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub>\u2009&gt;\u20092,4\u2010dinitrophenol\u2009&gt;\u20093,4\u2010dichloroaniline\u2009&gt;\u2009SDS\u2009&gt;\u2009sodium benzoate\u2009&gt;\u2009EDTA\u2009&gt;\u2009K<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>CrO<jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub>; regarding solvents, EtOH\u2009\u2248\u2009DMSO. In this study, we demonstrate that global swimming behavior could be a simple readout for toxicity, easy to scale\u2010up in automated experiments. This approach is potentially applicable for fast ecotoxicity assays and whole\u2010organism high\u2010throughput compound screening, reducing the time and money required to evaluate unknown samples and to identify leading pharmaceutical compounds. Copyright \u00a9 2013 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jat.2856","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,2,11]],"date-time":"2013-02-11T02:00:31Z","timestamp":1360548031000},"page":"214-219","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":32,"title":["Set\u2010up of an infrared fast behavioral assay using zebrafish (<i>Danio rerio<\/i>) larvae, and its application in compound biotoxicity screening"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"34","author":[{"given":"Dar\u00edo","family":"Bichara","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Fundaci\u00f3n Instituto Leloir CONICET  Buenos Aires Argentina"},{"name":"Instituto de Biolog\u00eda Molecular y Celular de Rosario, CONICET; and Facultad de Ciencias Bioqu\u00edmicas y Farmac\u00e9uticas Universidad Nacional de Rosario  Argentina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nora B.","family":"Calcaterra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Biolog\u00eda Molecular y Celular de Rosario, CONICET; and Facultad de Ciencias Bioqu\u00edmicas y Farmac\u00e9uticas Universidad Nacional de Rosario  Argentina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Silvia","family":"Arranz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Biolog\u00eda Molecular y Celular de Rosario, CONICET; and Facultad de Ciencias Bioqu\u00edmicas y Farmac\u00e9uticas Universidad Nacional de Rosario  Argentina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pablo","family":"Armas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Biolog\u00eda Molecular y Celular de Rosario, CONICET; and Facultad de Ciencias Bioqu\u00edmicas y Farmac\u00e9uticas Universidad Nacional de Rosario  Argentina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sergio H.","family":"Simonetta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Fundaci\u00f3n Instituto Leloir CONICET  Buenos Aires Argentina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,2,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2741\/1092"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/bjp.2008.249"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","first-page":"87","article-title":"Towards an alternative for the acute fish LC(50) test in chemical assessment: the fish embryo toxicity test goes multi\u2010species\u2014an update","volume":"22","author":"Braunbeck T","year":"2005","journal-title":"ALTEX"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","volume-title":"Draft Detailed Review Paper on Fish Embryo Toxicity Assays","author":"Braunbeck T","year":"2005"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","volume-title":"Background Paper on Fish Embryo Toxicity Assays","author":"Braunbeck T","year":"2006"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpregu.00589.2001"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1242\/jeb.003939"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/bdrb.20187"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ntt.2012.03.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/1443023"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-4159.2008.05463.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.56.3.387"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrg892"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_1","volume-title":"Water quality\u2014Determination of the acute toxicity of waste water to zebrafish eggs (Danio rerio)","author":"ISO 15088:2007","year":"2007"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/aja.1002030302"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1095-8649.1977.tb04049.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tiv.2009.05.014"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0036690"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-pathol-011110-130330"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10646-007-0144-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drudis.2008.03.002"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_6_23_1","first-page":"38","volume":"19","author":"Nagel R.","year":"2002","journal-title":"ALTEX"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1095-6433(02)00161-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1787\/9789264069961-en"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_26_1","volume-title":"OECD Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals. 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