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This raises the need to develop new analytical methods specifically designed for the simultaneous detection of several drugs of abuse in biological samples. In this work, dispersive liquid\u2013liquid microextraction (DLLME) was assessed as a new sample treatment for the simultaneous extraction of morphine (MOR), 6\u2010acetylmorphine (6AM), cocaine (COC), benzoylecgonine (BZE) and methadone (MET) from human plasma. Preliminary assays were done before developing an experimental design based on a Uniform Network Doehlert which allowed the optimum extraction conditions to be identified, namely: a volume of extractant solvent (chloroform) and dispersant solvent (acetonitrile) of 220 \u00b5l and 3.2 ml, respectively; 0.2 g of NaCl as a salting\u2010out additive; pH 10.6 and ultrasound stirring for 3.5 min. The resulting extracts were analyzed by high\u2010performance liquid chromatography with photodiode array detection (HPLC\u2010PDA), using an XBridge\u00ae RP18 column (250 \u00d7 4.6 mm i.d., 5 \u00b5m particle size). Calibration graphs were linear over the concentration range 0.1\u201310 \u00b5g ml<jats:sup>\u20131<\/jats:sup>, and detection limits ranged from 13.9 to 28.5 ng ml<jats:sup>\u20131<\/jats:sup>. Precision calculated at three different concentration levels in plasma was included in the range 0.1\u20136.8% RSD. Recoveries of the five drugs were all higher than 84% on average. Finally the proposed method was successfully applied to 22 plasma samples from heroin, cocaine and\/or methadone users, and the most frequently detected drug was benzoylecgonine, followed by methadone, cocaine and morphine. Copyright \u00a9 2014 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jat.3035","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,8,4]],"date-time":"2014-08-04T11:54:30Z","timestamp":1407153270000},"page":"418-425","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":37,"title":["Analysis of drugs of abuse in human plasma by dispersive liquid\u2013liquid microextraction and high\u2010performance liquid chromatography"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"35","author":[{"given":"P.","family":"Fern\u00e1ndez","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Legal Medicine Forensic Toxicology Service, Faculty of Medicine  15782 Santiago de Compostela Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Regenjo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Legal Medicine Forensic Toxicology Service, Faculty of Medicine  15782 Santiago de Compostela Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A. 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