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Here we show that similarly to astrocytes also in microglia, TMT induces the precocious block of autophagy indicated by the accumulation of the autophagosome marker, microtubule associated protein light chain 3. Consistent with autophagy impairment we observe in TMT\u2010treated microglia the accumulation of p62\/SQSTM1, a protein specifically degraded through this pathway. Lithium has been proved effective in limiting neurodegenerations and, in particular, in ameliorating symptoms of TMT intoxication in rodents. In our <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic> model, lithium displays a pro\u2010survival and anti\u2010inflammatory action reducing both cell death and the proinflammatory response of TMT\u2010treated microglia. In particular, lithium exerts these activities without reducing TMT\u2010induced accumulation of light chain 3 protein. In fact, the autophagic block imposed by TMT is unaffected by lithium administration. These results are of interest as defects in the execution of autophagy are frequently observed in neurodegenerative diseases and lithium is considered a promising therapeutic agent for these pathologies. Thus, it is relevant that this cation can still maintain its pro\u2010survival and anti\u2010inflammatory role in conditions of autophagy block. Copyright \u00a9 2016 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jat.3344","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,5,26]],"date-time":"2016-05-26T03:22:06Z","timestamp":1464232926000},"page":"207-213","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Lithium limits trimethyltin\u2010induced cytotoxicity and proinflammatory response in microglia without affecting the concurrent autophagy impairment"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"37","author":[{"given":"Cinzia","family":"Fabrizi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anatomy, Histology, Forensic Medicine and Orthopedics Sapienza University  Rome Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elena","family":"Pompili","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anatomy, Histology, Forensic Medicine and Orthopedics Sapienza University  Rome Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francesca","family":"Somma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anatomy, Histology, Forensic Medicine and Orthopedics Sapienza University  Rome Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stefania","family":"De Vito","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anatomy, Histology, Forensic Medicine and Orthopedics Sapienza University  Rome Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Viviana","family":"Ciraci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anatomy, Histology, Forensic Medicine and Orthopedics Sapienza University  Rome Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marco","family":"Artico","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Sensory Organs Sapienza University  Rome Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paola","family":"Lenzi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Human Morphology and Applied Biology University of Pisa  Pisa Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francesco","family":"Fornai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Human Morphology and Applied Biology University of Pisa  Pisa Italy"},{"name":"IRCCS Neuromed  Pozzilli Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lorenzo","family":"Fumagalli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anatomy, Histology, Forensic Medicine and Orthopedics Sapienza University  Rome Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,5,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1081\/DMR-200033490"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","first-page":"3","article-title":"Monodansylcadaverine (MDC) is a specific in vivo marker for autophagic vacuoles","volume":"66","author":"Biederbick A","year":"1995","journal-title":"Eur. 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