{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,30]],"date-time":"2026-04-30T07:39:37Z","timestamp":1777534777190,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,29]],"date-time":"2018-01-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1517184000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100006120","name":"Ministry of the Environment","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["Health effects due to heavy metal exposure"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Health effects due to heavy metal exposure"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100006120","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J of Applied Toxicology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between mortality and rice cadmium (Cd) concentration in inhabitants of a polluted area in Japan. The target subjects were inhabitants of the Jinzu River basin who participated in health examinations for screening of renal dysfunction from 1979 to 1984. The mean rice Cd concentration in each hamlet was used as an index of the Cd exposure. We conducted a 26\u00a0year follow\u2010up survey in 3281 inhabitants (1544 men and 1737 women) whose data regarding the rice Cd concentration were available. Mortality risk ratios for all and specific causes were estimated after adjustments for age at baseline, smoking status and history of hypertension using a Cox hazard model or Fine and Gray competing risks regression model. The mortality risk ratios of rice Cd concentration (+0.1\u00a0ppm) for all causes in women were significantly increased (risk ratio: 1.04). Furthermore, the relative risks of rice Cd concentration for kidney and urinary tract disease, renal diseases, renal failure and toxic effects of cadmium were significantly increased in both sexes. These findings indicated that increased rice Cd concentration decreased the prognosis for life over a long\u2010term observation in women. This result provides important information for determining the worldwide standard for allowable rice Cd concentration.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jat.3593","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,29]],"date-time":"2018-01-29T16:27:47Z","timestamp":1517243267000},"page":"855-861","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Relationship between mortality and rice cadmium concentration in inhabitants of the polluted Jinzu River basin, Toyama, Japan: A 26 year follow\u2010up"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"38","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8034-2243","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kazuhiro","family":"Nogawa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine Chiba University  1\u20108\u20101 Inohana, Chuoku Chiba 260\u20108670 Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3612-2395","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yasushi","family":"Suwazono","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine Chiba University  1\u20108\u20101 Inohana, Chuoku Chiba 260\u20108670 Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Muneko","family":"Nishijo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology and Public Health Kanazawa Medical University  1\u20101 Daigaku, Uchnada Ishikawa 920\u20100293 Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Masaru","family":"Sakurai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Social and Environmental Medicine, Health Evaluation Center Kanazawa Medical University  1\u20101 Daigaku, Uchnada Ishikawa 920\u20100293 Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Masao","family":"Ishizaki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Social and Environmental Medicine, Health Evaluation Center Kanazawa Medical University  1\u20101 Daigaku, Uchnada Ishikawa 920\u20100293 Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yuko","family":"Morikawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology and Public Health Kanazawa Medical University  1\u20101 Daigaku, Uchnada Ishikawa 920\u20100293 Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yuuka","family":"Watanabe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine Chiba University  1\u20108\u20101 Inohana, Chuoku Chiba 260\u20108670 Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Teruhiko","family":"Kido","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Community Health Nursing Kanazawa University School of Health Sciences  5\u201011\u201080 Kodatsuno Kanazawa Ishikawa 920\u20100942 Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hideaki","family":"Nakagawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Research Institute Kanazawa Medical University  1\u20101 Daigaku Uchinada Ishikawa 920\u20100293 Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s004200000225"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-444-59453-2.00017-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/01621459.1999.10474144"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","first-page":"119","volume-title":"Beryllium, Cadmium, Mercury, and Exposures in the Glass Manufacturing Industry","author":"IARC","year":"1993"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","unstructured":"IARC 2012 International Agency for Research on Cancer Lyon 121 145"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00420-003-0499-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0300-483X(01)00367-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.taap.2009.04.020"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","first-page":"3504","article-title":"Relationship between urinary cadmium and mortality in habitants of a cadmium\u2010polluted area: a 22\u2010year follow\u2010up study in Japan","volume":"124","author":"Li Q.","year":"2011","journal-title":"Chinese Medical Journal"},{"issue":"18","key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","article-title":"Mortality and causes of deaths of inhabitants with renal dysfunction induced by cadmium exposure of the polluted Jinzu River basin, Toyama, Japan; 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