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In the present study, the role of iron (Fe) contained in particles and oxidative stress was investigated using Fe chelator deferoxamine (DFO) and oxidative stress scavenger <jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\u2010acetylcysteine (NAC) in a murine asthma model exacerbated by LPS\u00a0+\u00a0PM2.5 or LPS\u00a0+\u00a0Asian sand dust (ASD). When BALB\/c mice were intratracheally challenged with ovalbumin (OVA)\u00a0+\u00a0LPS and either urban PM2.5 or ASD, LPS\u00a0+\u00a0PM2.5 and LPS\u00a0+\u00a0ASD caused exacerbation of OVA\u2010induced lung eosinophilia along with T\u2010helper 2 cytokine and eosinophil\u2010relevant chemokine production in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid as well as the production of OVA\u2010specific IgE in serum. LPS\u00a0+\u00a0PM2.5 with NAC tended to reduce the lung eosinophilia compared to the LPS\u00a0+\u00a0PM2.5 host, whereas LPS\u00a0+\u00a0PM2.5 with DFO did not reduce them. LPS\u00a0+\u00a0ASD with NAC moderately reduced the lung eosinophilia compared to the LPS\u00a0+\u00a0ASD host. LPS\u00a0+\u00a0ASD with DFO drastically reduced the lung eosinophilia compared to the LPS\u00a0+\u00a0ASD host. The concentration of Fe in urban PM2.5 and ASD were almost the same. However, the concentrations of trace metals Pb, Cu, As, Ni, Cr, Mo, Sb, Co, Se and Cd were greater in PM2.5 than in ASD. These results suggested that Fe and oxidative stress are at least partly involved in lung eosinophilia exacerbation caused by LPS\u00a0+\u00a0ASD. However, trace metals (except Fe) might also be involved in lung eosinophilia exacerbated by LPS\u00a0+\u00a0PM2.5.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jat.3773","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,30]],"date-time":"2019-01-30T07:25:18Z","timestamp":1548833118000},"page":"855-867","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":29,"title":["Role of iron and oxidative stress in the exacerbation of allergic inflammation in murine lungs caused by urban particulate matter &lt;2.5\u00a0\u03bcm and desert dust"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"39","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8427-7693","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Miao","family":"He","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Environmental Health Damage Research and Assessment, Liaoning Province; Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health China Medical University  Shenyang 110122 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Takamichi","family":"Ichinose","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Sciences Oita University of Nursing and Health Sciences  Oita 870\u20101201 Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Seiichi","family":"Yoshida","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Sciences Oita University of Nursing and Health Sciences  Oita 870\u20101201 Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Masataka","family":"Nishikawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Environmental Chemistry Division National Institute for Environmental Studies  Ibaraki 305\u20108506 Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guifan","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Environmental Health Damage Research and Assessment, Liaoning Province; Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health China Medical University  Shenyang 110122 China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Takayuki","family":"Shibamoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Environmental Toxicology University of California  Davis CA 95616 USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.172.5.3059"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","first-page":"205","article-title":"PM2.5 impact on the environment and health study","volume":"5","author":"Bi X. 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