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The latest generation of E\u2010cigs is highly customizable, allowing for high heating coil temperatures. The aim of this study was to assess the toxic potential of a fourth\u2010generation E\u2010cig. Aerosols generated from E\u2010liquid with (24\u00a0mg\/mL) and without nicotine, using a fourth\u2010generation E\u2010cig, were chemically analysed and compared with cigarette smoke (K3R4F). Human lung epithelial cell lines and distal lung tissue explants were exposed to E\u2010cig vapour extract (EVE) and cigarette smoke extract for 24\u00a0hours and assessed for viability, inflammation, oxidative stress and genotoxicity. E\u2010cig aerosols contained measurable levels of volatile organic compounds, aldehydes and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, in general, to a much lesser extent than cigarette smoke. Higher levels of certain carbonyls, e.g. formaldehyde, were detected in the E\u2010cig aerosols. EVEs decreased cell viability of BEAS\u20102B cells, whereas little effect was seen in A549 cells and distal lung tissue. The nicotine\u2010containing EVE caused a greater decrease in cell viability and significant increase in DNA damage than the nicotine\u2010free EVE. Increased cytotoxicity, reactive oxygen species production and genotoxicity were seen with cells and tissue exposed to cigarette smoke extract compared with EVEs. Although E\u2010cig aerosols were less toxic than cigarette smoke, it was not benign. Moreover, the EVE containing nicotine was more toxic than the nicotine\u2010free EVE. More research is needed on the short\u2010 and long\u2010term health effects of vaping and the usage of newly emerging E\u2010cig devices to evaluate better the potential negative effects of E\u2010cigs on human health.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jat.3799","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,8]],"date-time":"2019-04-08T06:50:35Z","timestamp":1554706235000},"page":"1143-1154","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":61,"title":["The toxic potential of a fourth\u2010generation E\u2010cigarette on human lung cell lines and tissue explants"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"39","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8753-830X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gregory D.","family":"Rankin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Division of Medicine\/Respiratory Medicine and Allergy Ume\u00e5 University  Ume\u00e5 Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"H\u00e5kan","family":"Wingfors","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Swedish Defence Research Agency, CBRN Defence and Security  Ume\u00e5 Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Oskari","family":"Uski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Division of Medicine\/Respiratory Medicine and Allergy Ume\u00e5 University  Ume\u00e5 Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Linn\u00e9a","family":"Hedman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Occupational and Environmental Medicine, The OLIN Unit Ume\u00e5 University  Ume\u00e5 Sweden"},{"name":"Department of Health Sciences, Division of Nursing Lule\u00e5 University of Technology  Lule\u00e5 Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Barbro","family":"Ekstrand\u2010Hammarstr\u00f6m","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Swedish Defence Research Agency, CBRN Defence and Security  Ume\u00e5 Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jenny","family":"Bosson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Division of Medicine\/Respiratory Medicine and Allergy Ume\u00e5 University  Ume\u00e5 Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Magnus","family":"Lundb\u00e4ck","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Karolinska Institutet, Department of Clinical Sciences, Division of Cardiology Danderyd University Hospital  Stockholm Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/toxsci\/kfw166"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2016.09.064"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","unstructured":"ATSDR. 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