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The application of a common approach for testing MNMs, including the use of optimized protocols and methods\u2019 selection, becomes increasingly important to obtain reliable and comparable results supporting the regulatory framework. In the present study, we tested four representative MNMs, two titanium dioxides (NM100 and NM101) and two silicon dioxides (NM200 and NM203), using the EU FP7\u2010NANoREG approach, starting from suspension and dispersion preparations, through to their characterization and final evaluation of biological effects. MNM dispersions were prepared following a refined NANOGENOTOX protocol and characterized by dynamic light scattering (DLS) in water\/bovine serum albumin and in media used for <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic> testing. Potential genotoxic effects were evaluated on human bronchial BEAS\u20102B cells using micronucleus and Comet assays, and pro\u2010inflammatory effects by cytokines release. Murine macrophages RAW 264.7 were used to detect potential innate immune responses using two functional endpoints (pro\u2010inflammatory cytokines and nitric oxide [NO] production). The interaction of MNMs with RAW 264.7 cells was studied by electron microscopy. No chromosomal damage and slight DNA damage and an oxidative effect, depending on MNMs, were observed in bronchial cells. In murine macrophages, the four MNMs directly induced tumor necrosis factor \u03b1 or interleukin 6 secretion, although at very low levels; lipopolysaccharide\u2010induced NO production was significantly decreased by the titania and one silica MNM. The application of this approach for the evaluation of MNM biological effects could be useful for both regulators and industries.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jat.4002","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,1]],"date-time":"2020-07-01T01:52:17Z","timestamp":1593568337000},"page":"1511-1525","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["Use of a common European approach for nanomaterials\u2019 testing to support regulation: a case study on titanium and silicon dioxide representative nanomaterials"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"40","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3736-6984","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andrea","family":"Zijno","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Environment and Health Istituto Superiore di Sanit\u00e0  Rome 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