{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,7]],"date-time":"2026-03-07T13:53:29Z","timestamp":1772891609049,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,15]],"date-time":"2020-07-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1594771200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100006120","name":"Ministry of the Environment, Government of Japan","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["Health Effects due to Heavy Metal Exposure"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Health Effects due to Heavy Metal Exposure"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100006120","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["analyticalsciencejournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J of Applied Toxicology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>The relationship between urinary \u03b2<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\u2010microglobulin (\u03b2<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\u2010MG) and the risk of all\u2010cause mortality and cause\u2010specific mortality in a cadmium (Cd)\u2010polluted area was investigated in 3139 inhabitants (1404 men and 1735 women) of the Kakehashi River basin in Japan at 35\u2010year follow\u2010up. The subjects had been participants in the 1981\u20131982 health impact survey that assessed Cd\u2010induced renal dysfunction, as measured by the urinary \u03b2<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\u2010MG concentration. Hazard ratios were calculated to assess the risk of all\u2010cause and cause\u2010specific mortality according to the urinary \u03b2<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\u2010MG concentrations. Risk ratios (RRs) were assessed using the Fine and Gray regression model to account for competing risks of cause\u2010specific mortality. The mortality rate was significantly higher in participants with urinary \u03b2<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\u2010MG concentrations &gt;1000 \u03bcg\/g creatinine (Cr) for men and &gt;300 \u03bcg\/g Cr for women. In the proportional hazard model, higher urinary \u03b2<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\u2010MG concentrations were associated with higher risks of circulatory disease, digestive system diseases, and kidney and urinary tract diseases in men and women, and with senility for women. However, when competing risk was accounted for, the RRs were significantly higher only for kidney and urinary tract diseases in men and women (RR for each increment of 1000 \u03bcg\/g Cr [95% confidence interval]: 1.02 [1.00\u20131.04] for men, and 1.01 [1.00\u20131.02] for women). The long\u2010term prognosis of participants with renal tubular dysfunction was poor, most likely due to kidney and renal tract diseases.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jat.4038","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,15]],"date-time":"2020-07-15T06:27:15Z","timestamp":1594794435000},"page":"224-232","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Relationship between urinary \u03b2<sub>2<\/sub>\u2010microglobulin concentration and mortality in a cadmium\u2010polluted area in Japan: A 35\u2010year follow\u2010up study"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"41","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4929-3225","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Masaru","family":"Sakurai","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Social and Environmental Medicine Kanazawa Medical University  Uchinada Japan"},{"name":"Health Evaluation Center Kanazawa Medical University  Uchinada 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