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Preclinical studies employing these models often focus solely upon the intra\u2010tumoral effects of a given treatment, without consideration of systemic toxicity or tumor\u2013host interaction, nor whether this latter relationship could modulate the toxicologic response to therapy. Here it is demonstrated that the implantation and growth of a range of human\u2010 and mouse\u2010derived cell lines leads to structural vascular and, potentially, functional changes within peripheral endocrine tissues, a process that could conceivably ameliorate the severity of anti\u2010angiogenic\u2010induced fenestrated vessel attenuation. Observations suggest a multifactorial process, which may involve host\u2010 and tumor\u2010derived cytokines\/growth factors, and the liberation of myeloid\u2010derived suppressor cells. Further investigation revealed a structurally comparable response to the administration of exogenous estrogen. 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