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Therefore, developing early specific sensitive biomarkers of INH\u2010induced liver injury is urgent. A rat model of liver injury was established with gastric infusion of INH or INH plus rifampicin (RFP). We examined seven potential novel serum biomarkers, namely, glutamate dehydrogenase (GLDH), liver\u2010fatty acid\u2010binding protein (L\u2010FABP), high\u2010mobility group box\u20101 (HMGB1), macrophage colony\u2010stimulating factor receptor (MCSF1R), osteopontin (OPN), total cytokeratin 18 (K18), and caspase\u2010cleaved cytokeratin\u201018 (ccK18), to evaluate their sensitivity and specificity on INH\u2010induced liver injury. With the increase of drug dosage, combining with RFP and prolonging duration of administration, the liver injury was aggravated, showing as decreased weight of the rats, upgraded liver index and oxidative stress level, and histopathological changes of liver becoming marked. But the activity of serum aminotransferases decreased significantly. The area under the curve (AUC) of receiver\u2010operating characteristic (ROC) curve of OPN, L\u2010FABP, HMGB1, MCSF1R, and GLDH was 0.88, 0.87, 0.85, 0.71, and 0.70 (\u22650.7), respectively, and 95% confidence interval of them did not include 0.5, with statistical significance, indicating their potential abilities to become biomarkers of INH\u2010induced liver injury. In conclusion, we found traditional biomarkers ALT and AST were insufficient to discover the INH\u2010induced liver injury accurately and OPN, L\u2010FABP, and HMGB1 can be promising novel biomarkers.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jat.4236","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,7]],"date-time":"2021-09-07T23:02:39Z","timestamp":1631055759000},"page":"516-528","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Serum biomarkers of isoniazid\u2010induced liver injury: Aminotransferases are insufficient, and OPN, L\u2010FABP and HMGB1 can be promising novel biomarkers"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"42","author":[{"given":"Xuan","family":"Cheng","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University  Changsha 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