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As a muscarinic receptor antagonist, the low toxicity and moderate drug effect of anisodamine often result in high doses for clinical use, making it important to fully investigate its toxicity. In this study, zebrafish embryos were exposed to 1.3\u2010, 2.6\u2010, and 5.2\u2010mM anisodamine for 7\u2009days to study the toxic effects of drug exposure on pigmentation, mineral density, craniofacial area, and eye development. The results showed that exposure to anisodamine at 1.3\u2009mM resulted in cranial malformations and abnormal pigmentation in zebrafish embryos; 2.6\u2010 and 5.2\u2010mM anisodamine resulted in significant eye development defects and reduced bone density in zebrafish embryos. The associated toxicities were correlated with functional development of neural crest cells through gene expression (col1a2, ddb1, dicer1, mab21l1, mab21l2, sox10, tyrp1b, and mitfa) in the dose of 5.2\u2010mM exposed group. In conclusion, this study provides new evidence of the developmental toxicity of high doses of anisodamine in aqueous solutions to organisms and provides a warning for the safe use of this drug.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jat.4278","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,29]],"date-time":"2021-12-29T22:48:45Z","timestamp":1640818125000},"page":"1067-1077","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Anisodamine affects the pigmentation, mineral density, craniofacial area, and eye development in zebrafish embryos"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"42","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3137-688X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Binjie","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Drug Prevention and Control Technology of Zhejiang Province, The Department of Criminal Science and Technology Zhejiang Police College  Hangzhou Zhejiang People's 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