{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,11]],"date-time":"2025-11-11T13:46:13Z","timestamp":1762868773745,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,29]],"date-time":"2022-03-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1648512000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004735","name":"Natural Science Foundation of\u00a0Hunan Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2020JJ4082"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2020JJ4082"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004735","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["81573193"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81573193"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["analyticalsciencejournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J of Applied Toxicology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Inhalation of beryllium and its compounds can cause lung injuries, resulting from inflammation and oxidative stress. Multivesicular bodies (MVB), such as exosomes, are membrane vesicles produced by early and late endosomes that mediate intercellular communications. However, the role of exosomes in beryllium toxicity has not been elucidated. This current study aimed to investigate the functional role of exosomes in lung injury resulting from beryllium sulfate (BeSO<jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub>). Here, Sprague\u2013Dawley (SD) rats were exposed to 4, 8, and 12\u2009mg\/kg BeSO<jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub> by nonexposed intratracheal instillation. Murine macrophage (RAW 264.7) cells were pretreated with 50\u2009nmol\/L rapamycin (an mTOR signaling pathway inhibitor) for 30\u2009min and then cultured for 24\u2009h with 100\u2009\u03bcg\/mL exosomes, which had been previously isolated from the serum of 12\u2009mg\/kg BeSO<jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub>\u2010treated SD rats. Compared with those of the controls, exposure to BeSO<jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub> in vivo increased LDH activity, elevated levels of inflammatory cytokines (IL\u201010, TNF\u2010\u03b1, and IFN\u2010\u03b3) alongside inflammation\u2010related proteins expression (COX\u20102 and iNOS), and enhanced secretion of exosomes from the SD rat's serum. Moreover, the BeSO<jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub>\u2010Exos\u2010induced upregulation of LDH activity and inflammatory responses in RAW 264.7 cells can be alleviated following pretreatment with rapamycin. Collectively, these results suggest that serum exosomes play an important role in pulmonary inflammation induced by BeSO<jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub> in RAW 264.7 cells via the mTOR pathway.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jat.4321","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,15]],"date-time":"2022-03-15T09:16:27Z","timestamp":1647335787000},"page":"1524-1532","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Serum\u2010derived exosomes from SD rats induce inflammation in macrophages through the mTOR pathway"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"42","author":[{"given":"Ye","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Hengyang Medical School University of South China  Hengyang China"},{"name":"Department of Public Health Yingtan Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital  Yingtan China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yan\u2010ping","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Hengyang Medical School University of South China  Hengyang China"},{"name":"Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Typical Environmental Pollution and Health Hazards, Hengyang Medical School University of South China  Hengyang China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zhan\u2010bing","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Hengyang Medical School University of South China  Hengyang China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wei\u2010hua","family":"Deng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Hengyang Medical School University of South China  Hengyang 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