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To investigate predictive biomarkers for ETH\u2010induced steatosis, we performed lipidomics analysis using plasma and liver samples collected from rats treated orally with ETH at 30 and 100\u2009mg\/kg for 14\u2009days. The ETH\u2010treated rats developed hepatic steatosis with Oil Red O staining\u2010positive vacuolation in the centrilobular hepatocytes accompanied by increased hepatic contents of triglycerides (TG) and decreased plasma TG and total cholesterol levels. A multivariate analysis for lipid profiles revealed differences in each of the 35 lipid species in the plasma and liver between the control and the ETH\u2010treated rats. Of those lipids, phosphatidylcholine (PC) (18:0\/20:4) decreased dose\u2010dependently in both the plasma and liver. Moreover, serum TG\u2010rich very low\u2010density lipoprotein (VLDL) levels, especially the large particle fraction of VLDL composed of PC containing arachidonic acid (20:4) involved in hepatic secretion of TG, were decreased dose\u2010dependently. In conclusion, the decreased PC (18:0\/20:4) in the liver, possibly leading to suppression of hepatic TG secretion, was considered to be involved in the pathogenesis of the ETH\u2010induced hepatic steatosis. Therefore, plasma PC (18:0\/20:4) levels are proposed as mechanism\u2010related biomarkers for ETH\u2010induced hepatic steatosis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jat.4324","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,22]],"date-time":"2022-03-22T05:53:44Z","timestamp":1647928424000},"page":"1533-1547","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Phosphatidylcholine (18:0\/20:4), a potential biomarker to predict ethionamide\u2010induced hepatic steatosis in rats"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"42","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9565-7379","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kyotaka","family":"Muta","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Toxicology Research Laboratories, Central Pharmaceutical Research Institute Japan Tobacco Inc.  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