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To evaluate the effects of phthalate and paraben, alone or in combination, on reproductive development of the offspring, female pregnant Wistar rats were allocated in six experimental groups: Three control groups (gavage [CG], subcutaneous [CS], and gavage\u2009+\u2009subcutaneous) received corn oil as vehicle, and the remaining groups were exposed to di(2\u2010ethylhexyl)phthalate (DEHP) (500\u2009mg\/kg, gavage), butyl paraben (BP) (100\u2009mg\/kg, subcutaneously), or MIX (DEHP\u2009+\u2009BP), from Gestational Day 12 until Postnatal Day (PND) 21. The following parameters were assessed on the offspring: anogenital distance and weight at PND 1, nipple counting at PND 13, puberty onset, estrous cycle, weights of reproductive and detoxifying organs, histological evaluation of reproductive organs, and sperm evaluations (counts, morphology, and motility). Female pups from MIX group presented reduced body weight at PND 1, lower AGD, and decreased endometrium thickness. Male animals showed decreased body weight at PND 1 and lower number of Sertoli cells on DEHP and MIX groups, MIX group revealed increase of abnormal seminiferous tubules, DEHP animals presented delayed preputial separation and higher percentage of immotile sperms, and BP males presented diminished number of Leydig cells. In conclusion, the male offspring was more susceptible to DEHP toxicity; even when mixed to paraben, the main negative effects observed seem to be due to antiandrogenic phthalate action. On the other hand, DEHP seems to be necessary to improve the effects of BP on reducing estrogen\u2010dependent and increasing androgen\u2010dependent events.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jat.4377","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,13]],"date-time":"2022-08-13T01:58:26Z","timestamp":1660355906000},"page":"242-261","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Reproductive toxicity of maternal exposure to di(2\u2010ethylhexyl)phthalate and butyl paraben (alone or in association) on both male and female Wistar offspring"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"43","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0659-0729","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marina Trevizan","family":"Guerra","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campus Tr\u00eas Lagoas  Tr\u00eas Lagoas Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rafaela Pires","family":"Erthal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathological Sciences, Biological Sciences Center State University of Londrina\u2014UEL  Londrina Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ana Paula Franco","family":"Punhagui\u2010Umbelino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathological Sciences, Biological Sciences Center State University of Londrina\u2014UEL  Londrina Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Camila Moreira","family":"Trinque","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General Biology, Biological Sciences Center State University of Londrina\u2014UEL  Londrina Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria Ant\u00f4nia","family":"Torres de Bari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General Biology, Biological Sciences Center State University of Londrina\u2014UEL  Londrina Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thamires D'Alexandre Mendon\u00e7a","family":"Nunes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General Biology, Biological Sciences Center State University of Londrina\u2014UEL  Londrina Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wagner Ferrari","family":"Costa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General Biology, Biological Sciences Center State University of Londrina\u2014UEL  Londrina Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pedro Hor\u00e1cio","family":"Cleto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General Biology, Biological Sciences Center State University of Londrina\u2014UEL  Londrina Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Glaura Scantamburlo Alves","family":"Fernandes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General Biology, Biological Sciences Center State University of Londrina\u2014UEL  Londrina Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2019.07.017"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","volume-title":"Toxicological profile for di(2\u2010ethylhexyl)phthalate (DEHP)","author":"Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry","year":"2002"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mrd.22070"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2019.134719"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.acthis.2013.10.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2018.12.261"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1477-7827-9-154"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11356-020-10819-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","unstructured":"Commission of the european communities. 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