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The toxin components of snake venom attack several targets in the human body including the neuromuscular system, kidney and blood coagulation system and cause pathologies. As such, the venom toxins can be managed and used for the treatment of these diseases. In this regard, Captopril used in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases was the first animal venom toxin\u2010based drug approved by the US Food and Drug Administration and the European Medicines Agency. Cancers cause morbidity and mortality worldwide. Due to side effects associated with the current cancer treatments including chemotherapy, radiotherapy, immunotherapy, hormonal therapy and surgery, there is a need to improve the efficacy of current treatments and\/or develop novel drugs from natural sources including animal toxin\u2010based drugs. There is a long history of earlier and ongoing studies implicating snake venom toxins as potential anticancer therapies. Here, we review the role of crude snake venoms and toxins including phospholipase A2, L\u2010amino acid oxidase, C\u2010type lectin and disintegrin as potential anticancer agents tested in cancer cell lines and animal tumour models in comparison to normal cell lines. Some of the anti\u2010tumour activities of snake venom toxins include induction of cytotoxicity, apoptosis, cell cycle arrest and inhibition of metastasis, angiogenesis and tumour growth. We thus propose the advancement of multidisciplinary approaches to more pre\u2010clinical and clinical studies for enhanced bioavailability and targeted delivery of snake venom toxin\u2010based anticancer drugs.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jat.4544","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,12]],"date-time":"2023-09-12T03:42:31Z","timestamp":1694490151000},"page":"666-685","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":39,"title":["Snake venom toxins: Potential anticancer therapeutics"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"44","author":[{"given":"Benedict C.","family":"Offor","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry University of Johannesburg  Auckland Park South Africa"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9526-0109","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lizelle A.","family":"Piater","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry University of Johannesburg  Auckland Park South Africa"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2019.06.220"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/toxins11020075"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2021.174022"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/OTT.S115055"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2018.12.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000341446"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cbpa.2008.07.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12906-017-2018-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2015.10.080"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2019.05.164"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.matbio.2009.03.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0010124"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/1678-9199-jvatitd-2019-0010"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-61258-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2016.08.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2020.01132"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3322\/caac.21492"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/1678-9199-JVATITD-2020-0123"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2014\/203639"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2012.09.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00726-017-2513-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2011.12.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2017.05.025"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s40409-018-0170-y"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_8_26_1","first-page":"415","article-title":"Isolation and characterization of a cytotoxin P4 from the venom of Naja nigricollis nigricollis preferentially active on tumor cells","volume":"24","author":"Chaim\u2010Matyas A.","year":"1991","journal-title":"Biochemistry International"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2007.11.024"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s0021-9258(18)51627-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.toxicon.2013.05.017"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0041-0101(01)00275-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijbiomac.2015.07.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.peptides.2008.05.021"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/srep42673"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_8_34_1","first-page":"1033","article-title":"Phase I and pharmacokinetics study of crotoxin (cytotoxic PLA2, NSC\u2010624244) in patients with advanced cancer","volume":"8","author":"Cura J. 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