{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,29]],"date-time":"2026-03-29T04:39:53Z","timestamp":1774759193607,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,9]],"date-time":"2024-04-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1712620800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["analyticalsciencejournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J of Applied Toxicology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>L\u2010tryptophan, an essential amino acid for physiological processes, metabolism, development, and growth of organisms, is widely utilized in animal nutrition and human health as a feed additive and nutritional supplement, respectively. Despite its known benefits, safety concerns have arisen due to an eosinophilia\u2013myalgia syndrome (EMS) outbreak linked to L\u2010tryptophan consumed by humans. Extensive research has established that the EMS outbreak was caused by an L\u2010tryptophan product that contained certain impurities. Therefore, safety validations are imperative to endorse the use of L\u2010tryptophan as a supplement or a feed additive. This study was conducted in tertiary hybrid [(Landrace\u2009\u00d7\u2009Yorkshire)\u2009\u00d7\u2009Duroc] pigs to assess general toxicity and potential risks for EMS\u2010related symptoms associated with L\u2010tryptophan used as a feed additive. Our investigation elucidated the relationship between L\u2010tryptophan and EMS in swine. No mortalities or clinical signs were observed in any animals during the administration period, and the test substance did not induce toxic effects. Hematological analysis and histopathological examination revealed no changes in EMS\u2010related parameters, such as eosinophil counts, lung lesions, skin lesions, or muscle atrophy. Furthermore, no test substance\u2010related changes occurred in other general toxicological parameters. Through analyzing the tissues and organs of swine, most of the L\u2010tryptophan impurities that may cause EMS were not retained. Based on these findings, we concluded that incorporating L\u2010tryptophan and its impurities into the diet does not induce EMS in swine. Consequently, L\u2010tryptophan may be used as a feed additive throughout all growth stages of swine without safety concerns.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jat.4606","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,10]],"date-time":"2024-04-10T00:33:48Z","timestamp":1712709228000},"page":"1153-1165","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Toxicology and safety study of L\u2010tryptophan and its impurities for use in swine"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"44","author":[{"given":"Ji\u2010Eun","family":"Park","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Science, AMIST, Asan Medical Center University of Ulsan College of Medicine  Seoul Republic of Korea"},{"name":"Institute of Biotechnology CJ CheilJedang  Suwon\u2010si Gyeonggi\u2010do Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Soo Min","family":"Ko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Science, AMIST, Asan Medical Center University of Ulsan College of Medicine  Seoul Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hyo\u2010Jeong","family":"Han","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Science, AMIST, Asan Medical Center University of Ulsan College of Medicine  Seoul Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ji\u2010Young","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Science, AMIST, Asan Medical Center University of Ulsan College of Medicine  Seoul Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Da Som","family":"Jeong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Science, AMIST, Asan Medical Center University of Ulsan College of Medicine  Seoul Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dong Hyun","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Science, AMIST, Asan Medical Center University of Ulsan College of Medicine  Seoul Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"In Kyung","family":"Heo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Biotechnology CJ CheilJedang  Suwon\u2010si Gyeonggi\u2010do Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yong Uk","family":"Shin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Biotechnology CJ CheilJedang  Suwon\u2010si Gyeonggi\u2010do Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9272-6153","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yang Hee","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Biotechnology CJ CheilJedang  Suwon\u2010si Gyeonggi\u2010do Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4052-8745","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Woo\u2010Chan","family":"Son","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, Asan Medical Center University of Ulsan College of Medicine  Seoul Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.30514"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0049-0172(97)80022-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1079\/bjn19910045"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2527\/1998.762542x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.livsci.2023.105186"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/11786469188802282"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ani9110912"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.13041\/jpvm.2022.46.3.155"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","volume-title":"Tryptophan, serotonin, and melatonin: Basic aspects and applications","author":"Huether G.","year":"2012"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2527\/jas.2008-1627"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.toxrep.2022.05.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jat.4531"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2527\/jas.2010-3372"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","unstructured":"Kugler M. 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