{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,23]],"date-time":"2026-08-23T15:38:13Z","timestamp":1787499493592,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":78,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,22]],"date-time":"2025-01-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1737504000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["analyticalsciencejournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J of Applied Toxicology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    This study aimed to provide insights into the hepatorenal toxicity induced by erythrosine, a synthetic red dye commonly used in food and pharmaceuticals, which has raised concerns over its potential health risks. Twenty\u2010four rats were randomly divided into four groups (\n                    <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20096). The first group was the control group and the other group received one of three doses of erythrosine based on acceptable daily intake (\u00bc ADI, \u00bd ADI, and ADI, 0.1\u2009mg\/kg body weight). This study examined biological activity via biochemical enzyme analysis, oxidative stress indices, DNA damage, and histopathology. Compared with the control group, erythrosine administration increased the serum alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, total bilirubin, total protein, urea, creatinine, and uric acid at the highest erythrosine dose. The catalase and the superoxide dismutase activity decreased in both tissues at the highest dose. The glutathione\u2010S\u2010transferase activity increased at the \u00bc ADI dose and decreased at higher doses in both tissues. In contrast, acetylcholinesterase activity was greater in erythrosine\u2010treated rats than in control rats. Oxidative stress indices indicated increased lipid peroxidation, hydrogen peroxide content, and lactate dehydrogenase activity. The comet assay was used to assess DNA damage, revealing significant damage in the erythrosine\u2010treated groups. Histopathological examination revealed necrotic and degenerative changes in the liver and kidney tissues. The findings underscore dose\u2010dependent hepatorenal toxicity and highlight the novelty of demonstrating a comprehensive link between erythrosine exposure, oxidative stress, and DNA damage. These results emphasize the need for cautious evaluation of synthetic dye consumption due to potential health risks.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jat.4754","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,22]],"date-time":"2025-01-22T21:24:31Z","timestamp":1737581071000},"page":"884-897","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Dose\u2010Dependent Hepatorenal Damage Induced by Erythrosine: A Study of Biochemical, Oxidative Stress, DNA Damage, and Histopathological Effects in Wistar Rats"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"45","author":[{"given":"Mandeep","family":"Singh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Zoology Guru Nanak Dev University  Amritsar India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9936-399X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pooja","family":"Chadha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Zoology Guru Nanak Dev University  Amritsar India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/S11356\u2010019\u201004734\u2010W"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/S11356\u2010018\u20102665\u2010Z"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_4_1","first-page":"615","article-title":"Physiological Effects of Some Synthetic Food Colouring Additives on Rats","volume":"136","author":"Aboel\u2010Zahab H.","year":"1997","journal-title":"Bollettino Chimico Farmaceutico"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.9734\/IJBCRR\/2020\/V29I530188"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0076\u20106879(84)05016\u20103"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_12_7_1","first-page":"364","article-title":"Acute Toxicity of Food Additives Tartrazine and Carmoisine on White Male Mice","volume":"9","author":"Ai\u2010Almashhedy A. 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