{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T11:49:01Z","timestamp":1782906541993,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,28]],"date-time":"2025-01-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1738022400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["32101410"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["32101410"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012166","name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2021YFC3200105"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021YFC3200105"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012166","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["analyticalsciencejournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J of Applied Toxicology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:p>Fluoxetine (FLX), a typical selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, has been frequently detected in aquatic environment and wild fish. However, little is known about its effect on thyroid endocrine system. In the present study, zebrafish (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\"><jats:italic>Danio rerio<\/jats:italic><\/jats:styled-content>) embryos were exposed to 1, 3, 10, and 30\u2009\u03bcg\/L of FLX for 6\u2009days. Chemical analysis demonstrated that FLX and its metabolic product (nonfluoxetine, NFLX) were accumulated in zebrafish larvae. The exposure resulted in decreased thyroid hormones (THs) levels, indicating thyroid endocrine disruption. Moreover, thyroid\u2010stimulating hormone (TSH) content was significantly inhibited in a concentration\u2010dependent manner after exposure to FLX. Gene transcription in the hypothalamic\u2013pituitary\u2013thyroid (HPT) axis was further examined, and the results showed that the genes encoding corticotrophin\u2010releasing hormone (<jats:italic>crh<\/jats:italic>) and thyrotropin\u2010releasing hormone (<jats:italic>trh<\/jats:italic>) were significantly up\u2010regulated as a compensatory mechanism for the decreased TH contents accompanied with decreased <jats:italic>tsh\u03b2<\/jats:italic> mRNA expression. In addition, genes involved in thyroid hormone synthesis (sodium\/iodide symporter, <jats:italic>nis<\/jats:italic>, thyroglobulin, <jats:italic>tg<\/jats:italic>) and transport (transthyretin, <jats:italic>ttr<\/jats:italic>) were down\u2010regulated after exposure to FLX in a concentration\u2010dependent manner. The increased gene transcription of deiodinases (<jats:italic>dio2<\/jats:italic>) and uridinediphosphate\u2010glucuronosyltransferase (<jats:italic>ugt1ab<\/jats:italic>) might be responsible for the decrease of TH contents. In addition, a significant inhibition in thyroid hormone receptors (<jats:italic>tr\u03b1<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>tr\u03b2<\/jats:italic>) gene expression was observed upon treatment with FLX. All these results demonstrated that FLX could alter THs and TSH content as well as gene transcription in the HPT axis, exerting an endocrine disruption of the thyroid system in zebrafish larvae.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jat.4755","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,28]],"date-time":"2025-01-28T21:46:34Z","timestamp":1738100794000},"page":"916-924","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Thyroid Endocrine Disrupting Potential of Fluoxetine in Zebrafish Larvae"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"45","author":[{"given":"Jin","family":"Huang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Shengda Hydropower Co. Ltd Power Construction Corporation of China  Leshan China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kunyun","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Monitoring Department One Guizhou Provincial Ecological Environmental Monitoring Center  Guiyang China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shan","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Changjiang Basin Ecology and Environment Monitoring and Scientific Research Center, Changjiang Basin Ecology and Environment Administration Ministry of Ecology and Environment  Wuhan China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Huijia","family":"Tang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology Chinese Academy of Sciences  Wuhan China"},{"name":"School of Environmental Studies China University of Geosciences  Wuhan China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ruiwen","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Changjiang Basin Ecology and Environment Monitoring and Scientific Research Center, Changjiang Basin Ecology and Environment Administration Ministry of Ecology and Environment  Wuhan China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xianzheng","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shengda Hydropower Co. Ltd Power Construction Corporation of China  Leshan China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-0659-1915","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Heying","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Changjiang Basin Ecology and Environment Monitoring and Scientific Research Center, Changjiang Basin Ecology and Environment Administration Ministry of Ecology and Environment  Wuhan China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1897\/04\u2010081r.1"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2018.04.061"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aquatox.2012.01.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2022.963257"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envres.2022.114836"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aquatox.2016.08.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2020.596585"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.marenvres.2019.04.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3357\/Amhp.6272.2023"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/toxics9100257"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/toxsci\/kfi295"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aquatox.2008.04.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11356\u2010022\u201023667\u20105"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aquatox.2012.07.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cbi.2024.110909"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2015.12.080"},{"issue":"9","key":"e_1_2_8_18_1","first-page":"470","article-title":"Antidepressants Inhibit the Glucocorticoid Stimulation of Thyrotropin Releasing Hormone Expression in Cultured Hypothalamic Neurons","volume":"46","author":"Jackson I. M. D.","year":"1998","journal-title":"Journal of Investigative Medicine"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envres.2014.09.022"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.taap.2012.04.029"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jenvman.2020.111485"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2018.03.022"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2020.113642"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2023\/7170564"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/es0627693"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ygcen.2007.07.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0110467"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.est.9b00944"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0212577"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aquatox.2010.08.016"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cbpc.2017.08.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/etc.27"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.marenvres.2018.05.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.12659\/MSM.944120"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1897\/08\u2010561.1"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnins.2015.00066"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1530\/Erc\u201021\u20100217"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2017.08.018"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fcell.2022.865948"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aquatox.2023.106815"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2014.12.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aquatox.2023.106554"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2015.05.037"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/toxsci\/kfn230"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/gcen.2001.7722"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/toxics11020151"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2013.00030"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2012.01.041"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2019.01.089"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2018.04.023"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aquatox.2010.08.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2018.01.015"}],"container-title":["Journal of Applied Toxicology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/analyticalsciencejournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/jat.4755","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,15]],"date-time":"2025-10-15T14:49:07Z","timestamp":1760539747000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/analyticalsciencejournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/jat.4755"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,28]]},"references-count":51,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,6]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/jat.4755"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/jat.4755","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0260-437X","1099-1263"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0260-437X","type":"print"},{"value":"1099-1263","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,28]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2024-12-17","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-12-31","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-01-28","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}