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Sprague\u2013Dawley male rats were exposed to different concentrations of PM<jats:sub>2.5<\/jats:sub> by non\u2010exposure intratracheal instillation every other day for 3 times. Chemically modified si\u2010Foxa1, si\u2010Tet1, and si\u2010NC were administered via the intratracheal instillation, followed by exposure to a medium concentration of PM<jats:sub>2.5<\/jats:sub>. Fourteen days following the final exposure, serum, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), and lung tissues were collected for the appropriate tests. Acute exposure to PM<jats:sub>2.5<\/jats:sub> resulted in infiltration of inflammatory cells and destruction of the alveolar structure. The levels of IL\u20104 and eotaxin\u20101 in serum and BALF were increased, while the levels of interferon\u2010<jats:italic>\u03b3<\/jats:italic> (IFN\u2010<jats:italic>\u03b3<\/jats:italic>) were decreased. In lung tissues, there was a decrease in the whole genome 5\u2010mC and an increase in 5\u2010hmC. The methylation level of the interleukin\u20104 (IL\u20104) DNA promoter CpG islands decreased, accompanied by an increase in the mRNA level. The protein expression of Forkhead box A1 (FOXA1) and ten\u2010eleven translocation methylcytosine dioxygenase 1 (TET1) was upregulated. Downregulation of FOXA1 and TET1 levels reversed those changes. PM<jats:sub>2.5<\/jats:sub> induced the upregulation of FOXA1 and TET1 protein expression, which subsequently affected the DNA methylation levels of IL\u20104. This, in turn, promoted the release of IL\u20104 and led to pulmonary inflammation. This study provides insights into the potential DNA methylation regulatory mechanisms underlying lung inflammation induced by acute PM<jats:sub>2.5<\/jats:sub> exposure.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jat.4858","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,17]],"date-time":"2025-07-17T02:39:29Z","timestamp":1752719969000},"page":"2412-2420","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["FOXA1\u2010TET1 Mediate the DNA Hypomethylation of IL\u20104 Is Involved in Dust Fall PM<sub>2.5<\/sub> Induced Lung Inflammation"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"45","author":[{"given":"Yan","family":"Cui","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Environmental Health Effects and Risk Assessment Key Laboratory of Luzhou School of Public Health, Southwest Medical University  Luzhou Sichuan 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