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The most abundant byproduct in C\n                    <jats:sub>6<\/jats:sub>\n                    F\n                    <jats:sub>12<\/jats:sub>\n                    O fire extinguishing agent is perfluoro (4\u2010methyl\u20102\u2010pentene) (C\n                    <jats:sub>6<\/jats:sub>\n                    F\n                    <jats:sub>12<\/jats:sub>\n                    ). Currently, there is a lack of reports on the toxic mechanisms of trans\u2010C\n                    <jats:sub>6<\/jats:sub>\n                    F\n                    <jats:sub>12<\/jats:sub>\n                    . This study investigated the acute oral toxicity of trans\u2010C\n                    <jats:sub>6<\/jats:sub>\n                    F\n                    <jats:sub>12<\/jats:sub>\n                    in rats, the damage mechanisms to major organs, and evaluated the inflammatory status of various organs. The experimental design comprised four treatment groups: a control group, a low\u2010dose group (250\u2009mg\/kg), a medium\u2010dose group (500\u2009mg\/kg), and a high\u2010dose group (750\u2009mg\/kg), encompassing the range from sublethal to lethal concentrations. The median lethal dose (LD50) for trans\u2010C\n                    <jats:sub>6<\/jats:sub>\n                    F\n                    <jats:sub>12<\/jats:sub>\n                    revealed its mild acute toxicity, with male rats exhibiting significantly higher sensitivity. Clinical observations showed that trans\u2010C\n                    <jats:sub>6<\/jats:sub>\n                    F\n                    <jats:sub>12<\/jats:sub>\n                    oral exposure caused symptoms such as lethargy and reduced appetite. Pathological analysis revealed that trans\u2010C\n                    <jats:sub>6<\/jats:sub>\n                    F\n                    <jats:sub>12<\/jats:sub>\n                    primarily caused significant damage to the respiratory and urinary systems, particularly in lung and kidney tissues. Additionally, moderate damage was observed in the liver, heart, and spleen, whereas only mild pathological changes were detected in the classical hippocampus, and no effects were observed in ocular tissues. Further analysis of the inflammatory cytokine IL\u20101\u03b2 levels showed that lung and kidney tissues were more sensitive to the toxicity of trans\u2010C\n                    <jats:sub>6<\/jats:sub>\n                    F\n                    <jats:sub>12<\/jats:sub>\n                    , exhibiting significant inflammatory responses. In contrast, the inflammatory responses in other organs were relatively weak. This study revealed the toxicity of trans\u2010C\n                    <jats:sub>6<\/jats:sub>\n                    F\n                    <jats:sub>12<\/jats:sub>\n                    and its toxicological mechanisms, providing important references for the safe use of C\n                    <jats:sub>6<\/jats:sub>\n                    F\n                    <jats:sub>12<\/jats:sub>\n                    O fire extinguishing agent.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jat.4868","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,29]],"date-time":"2025-07-29T05:23:50Z","timestamp":1753766630000},"page":"2704-2715","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Exposure Risks of Trans\u2010Perfluoro (4\u2010Methyl\u20102\u2010Pentene) Byproduct in C\n                    <sub>6<\/sub>\n                    F\n                    <sub>12<\/sub>\n                    O Fire Suppressants: Toxicological Mechanisms and Implications"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"45","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3517-699X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Biao","family":"Zhou","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Emergency Management and Safety Engineering China University of Mining and Technology  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-0964-3659","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Muying","family":"Ge","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Emergency Management and Safety Engineering China University of Mining and Technology  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2465-1038","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kai","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Emergency Management and Safety Engineering China University of Mining and Technology  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Peiyao","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tianjin Fire Science Technology Research Institute of MEM  Tianjin China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jin","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sichuan Fire Research Institute of MEM  Chengdu Sichuan China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Haiting","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Emergency Management and Safety Engineering China University of Mining and Technology  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-3786-7196","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wanyu","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Architecture, Faculty of Engineering University of Tokyo  Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hongru","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Emergency Management and Safety Engineering China University of Mining and Technology  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00102202.2020.1860954"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ndt\/gfl254"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jced.7b00902"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jlp.2023.105128"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.287.6394.723"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Guo H.\u2010W. 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