{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,12]],"date-time":"2026-01-12T07:11:25Z","timestamp":1768201885896,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,25]],"date-time":"2025-08-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1756080000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["analyticalsciencejournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J of Applied Toxicology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    The kidneys are powerful chemical factories that function to keep the body stable. This research was carried out to determine the morphological alterations in the kidney tissues upon administration of aqueous and methanolic leaf extract of\n                    <jats:italic>Gongronema latifolium<\/jats:italic>\n                    orally. A total of 15 rats were grouped into five in this manner: Control as Group 1, low dose (280\u2009mg\/kg) of the aqueous extract was received by Group 2, Group 3 received a high dose (560\u2009mg\/kg) of the aqueous extract, Group 4 received a low dose (150\u2009mg\/kg) of the methanolic extract, and Group 5 received a high dose (300\u2009mg\/kg) of the methanolic extract of\n                    <jats:italic>Gongronema latifolium<\/jats:italic>\n                    leaf extract. The rats were kept to acclimatize for 2\u2009weeks after which the extracts were given for 21\u2009days. Blood specimens were obtained through the rats' medial canthus of its retro\u2010orbital plexus into a plain tube for biochemical evaluation. The kidney tissues were harvested, fixed in 10% NBF, and processed using the automatic tissue processor to determine the histomorphological changes. Results showed a significant (\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009&lt;\u20090.05) increase in the weights of rats when compared to the control after administration. The relative organ weight and biochemical parameters showed no significant differences. The histological samples revealed mild morphological changes in groups 2, 3 and 4 showing eosinophilic materials in the form of hyaline glomerulopathy with eosinophilic casts, which can be attributed to environmental factors. In conclusion, results obtained in the study have shown a positive effect of\n                    <jats:italic>Gongronema latifolium<\/jats:italic>\n                    leaf extract in the kidney tissues and in weight gain, proving that it maybe safe for consumption.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jat.4876","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,25]],"date-time":"2025-08-25T23:55:22Z","timestamp":1756166122000},"page":"508-514","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Morphological Alterations of the Kidney of Albino Rats Following Oral Administration of Aqueous and Methanolic Leaf Extract of\n                    <i>Gongronema latifolium<\/i>"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"46","author":[{"given":"Anulika\u00a0Obianuju","family":"Onyemelukwe","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Faculty of Health Sciences and Technology, College of Medicine University of Nigeria Enugu Campus  Enugu Nigeria"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-2444-3784","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chijioke\u00a0Noris","family":"Ezinwa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Faculty of Health Sciences and Technology, College of Medicine University of Nigeria Enugu Campus  Enugu Nigeria"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ihuoma\u00a0Vivian","family":"Iwueke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Faculty of Health Sciences and Technology, College of Medicine University of Nigeria Enugu Campus  Enugu Nigeria"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nkiruka\u00a0Millicent","family":"Amadi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Morbid Anatomy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences Enugu State University of Science and Technology  Agbani Nigeria"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Adaorah\u00a0Jennifer","family":"Ekoh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Morbid Anatomy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences Enugu State University of Science and Technology  Agbani Nigeria"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,25]]},"reference":[{"issue":"171","key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","first-page":"2","article-title":"Evaluation of Effect of Ethanol Extract of Gongronema latifolium and Piper guineense on Lipid Profile in Ethanol Intoxicated Wistar Rats","volume":"4","author":"Ali Fredrick U.","year":"2015","journal-title":"Biochemistry & Physiology"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","first-page":"14","article-title":"Nutritive and Medicinal Value of Gongronema latifolium","volume":"1","author":"Amrelia M. 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U.","year":"2018","journal-title":"International Journal of Research in Pharmacy and Biosciences"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_11_14_1","first-page":"90","article-title":"Phytochemical and Nutritional Compositions of Fresh and Dry Gongronema latifolium Leaves: Possible Health Benefits","volume":"55","author":"Nneoyi\u2010Egbe A. A.","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nigerian Agricultural Journal"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40200-020-00533-0"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_11_16_1","first-page":"137","article-title":"Comparative Proximate, Phytochemical Composition and Antioxidant Activity on Aqueous Extract of GONGRONEMA LATIFOLIUM Fruit and Leaf","volume":"12","author":"Okochi C. V.","year":"2024","journal-title":"Bioscientist Journal"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_11_17_1","article-title":"Effect of Gongronema latifolium on Lipid Profile, Oral Glucose Tolerance Test and Some Hematological Parameters in Fructose\u2010Induced Hyperglycemia in Rats Idara Asuquo Okon1, Usenobong Friday Ufot2*, Ufuoma","volume":"5","author":"Okon I. A.","year":"2019","journal-title":"Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Research"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_11_18_1","first-page":"87","article-title":"Nephroprotective and Anti\u2010Hyperlipidemic Effects of Methanol Leaf Extract of Gongronema latifolium (Utazi) Against Thioacetamide\u2010Induced Renal Injury in Wistar Rats","volume":"6","author":"Onwuka K. 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A.Kumar H.Madhyastha2024. \u201cA Study on Polyherbal Formulation for Diabetic Wound Healing\u201d."},{"key":"e_1_2_11_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-08-102081-4.00002-2"}],"container-title":["Journal of Applied Toxicology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/analyticalsciencejournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/jat.4876","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,12]],"date-time":"2026-01-12T04:09:26Z","timestamp":1768190966000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/analyticalsciencejournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/jat.4876"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,25]]},"references-count":22,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,2]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/jat.4876"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/jat.4876","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0260-437X","1099-1263"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0260-437X","type":"print"},{"value":"1099-1263","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,25]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-03-26","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-07-22","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-08-25","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}