{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,23]],"date-time":"2026-10-23T21:19:14Z","timestamp":1792790354354,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,25]],"date-time":"2025-11-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764028800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,25]],"date-time":"2025-11-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764028800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["analyticalsciencejournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J of Applied Toxicology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    The increasing applications of carbon nanomaterials (NMs) raise concerns about their potential as soil contaminants, yet predictive models for NM\u2010related soil contamination risks remain scarce. This study established the Chinese white jade snails (\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">\n                      <jats:italic>Achatina fulica<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:styled-content>\n                    ) as a novel model to assess the toxicity of two representative carbon\u2010based NMs, namely, graphene nanosheets (GNSs) and multi\u2010walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs). Snails of 1\u20132\u2009weeks old were exposed to coconut substrate containing 1% NMs for 28\u2009days. While the exposure showed no significant effects on food consumption, weight gain, or structural alterations in foot tissues (epidermis, muscle layer, or mucous glands), inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP\u2010MS) analysis of foot tissue demonstrated that MWCNTs, but not GNSs, significantly reduced Fe and Co levels. Metabolomic profiling revealed more pronounced metabolic perturbations in MWCNT\u2010exposed snails compared to GNS\u2010exposed counterparts. Both NMs upregulated phosphatidylinositol (38:4). MWCNTs additionally increased phosphatidylcholine (PC) (44:10), tyrosine, gamma\u2010glutamylphenylalanine (38:4), and phenylalanine, while decreasing 15\u2010deoxy\u2010PGJ2 and PC (40:7). Pathway enrichment analysis identified eight significantly affected KEGG pathways exclusively in MWCNT\u2010exposed snails, encompassing lipid metabolism (glycerophospholipid, arachidonic acid, and alpha\u2010linolenic acid metabolism), amino acid biosynthesis and metabolism (phenylalanine\/tyrosine\/tryptophan biosynthesis and metabolism), and ubiquinone and other terpenoid\u2010quinone biosynthesis. These findings highlight the utility of\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">\n                      <jats:italic>A. fulica<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:styled-content>\n                    for evaluating NM\u2010induced trace element dysregulation and metabolic reprogramming in soil ecosystems.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jat.70003","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,25]],"date-time":"2025-11-25T08:26:56Z","timestamp":1764059216000},"page":"1897-1906","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Alterations in Trace Element and Metabolite Profiles by Graphene Nanosheets and Multi\u2010Walled Carbon Nanotubes as Soil Contaminants in Foot Tissues of the Chinese White Jade Snails (\n                    <scp>\n                      <i>Achatina fulica<\/i>\n                    <\/scp>\n                    )"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"46","author":[{"given":"Yingjie","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Typical Environmental Pollution and Health Hazards, School of Public Health, Hengyang Medical School University of South China  Hengyang China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Miao","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Typical Environmental Pollution and Health Hazards, School of Public Health, Hengyang Medical School University of South China  Hengyang China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qing","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shanghai AB Sciex Analytical Instrument Trading Co. 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Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhengzheng","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"NMPA Key Laboratory for Safety Evaluation of Cosmetics, Department of Hygiene Inspection &amp; Quarantine Science, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health Southern Medical University  Guangzhou Guangdong China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Liang","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Guangdong Province Translational Forensic Medicine Engineering Technology Research Center, Department of Forensic Medicine, Zhongshan School of Medicine Sun Yat\u2010Sen University  Guangzhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1279-5491","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yi","family":"Cao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Typical 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