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Bioinformatic analyses were performed to conduct Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analysis of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and oxidative stress\u2013related DEGs (OSDEGs), and to screen hub genes through protein\u2013protein interaction (PPI) networks; subsequently, ROC curve validation and molecular docking were carried out for the hub genes, followed by construction of a targeted miRNA network. On the other hand, different OTA exposure dose models in pregnant C57BL\/6 mice were established to evaluate embryonic development, detect placental oxidative stress indicators, and measure protein expression levels of the PI3K\/Akt\/Nrf2\/HO\u20101 pathway. The results demonstrated that OSDEGs were mainly enriched in PI3K\/Akt pathways. The hub genes exhibited AUC values above 0.75 and molecular docking binding energies \u2264\u2009\u22125\u2009kcal\/mol. Additionally, six miRNAs targeting hub genes were predicted. In the established OTA exposure models, high\u2010dose dams showed impaired weight gain, significantly reduced live fetus rates, and fetal malformations compared with controls. In exposure groups, placental glutathione levels decreased while malondialdehyde increased, accompanied by downregulated expression of Nrf2\/HO\u20101 and p\u2010PI3K\/p\u2010Akt. In conclusion, OTA can suppress the phosphorylation level of PI3K\/Akt, thereby affecting the protein expression of the Nrf2\/HO\u20101 signaling pathway, leading to inhibition of the body's antioxidant capacity and subsequently triggering oxidative stress, causing embryonic developmental toxicity.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jat.70102","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,12]],"date-time":"2026-02-12T13:04:32Z","timestamp":1770901472000},"page":"3043-3056","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Association and Toxic Mechanism Between Foodborne OTA Exposure and Embryonic Development"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"46","author":[{"given":"Teng","family":"Yao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine Shihezi University  Shihezi Xinjiang China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xingyun","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine Shihezi University  Shihezi Xinjiang China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiaolong","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine Shihezi University  Shihezi Xinjiang China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory for Prevention and Control of Crucial Emerging Infectious Diseases and Public Health Security of The Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps  Shihezi Xinjiang China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Preventive Medicine Shihezi University  Shihezi Xinjiang China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases (Ministry of Education), School of Medicine Shihezi University  Shihezi Xinjiang China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3038-7499","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Guanling","family":"Song","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine Shihezi University  Shihezi Xinjiang China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory for Prevention and Control of Crucial Emerging Infectious Diseases and Public Health Security of The Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps  Shihezi Xinjiang China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Preventive Medicine Shihezi University  Shihezi Xinjiang China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases (Ministry of Education), School of Medicine Shihezi University  Shihezi Xinjiang China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yunhua","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine Shihezi University  Shihezi Xinjiang China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory for Prevention and Control of Crucial Emerging Infectious Diseases and Public Health Security of The Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps  Shihezi Xinjiang China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Preventive Medicine Shihezi University  Shihezi Xinjiang China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases (Ministry of Education), School of Medicine Shihezi University  Shihezi Xinjiang China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yizhong","family":"Yan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine Shihezi University  Shihezi Xinjiang China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory for Prevention and Control of Crucial Emerging Infectious Diseases and Public Health Security of The Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps  Shihezi Xinjiang China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Preventive Medicine Shihezi University  Shihezi Xinjiang China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Endemic and Ethnic Diseases (Ministry of Education), School of Medicine Shihezi University  Shihezi Xinjiang China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/11779322241272386"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/toxins14030189"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2014\/360438"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/foods13081184"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1289\/EHP6233"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psj.2022.102413"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/diagnostics11030421"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms22052719"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_12_10_1","article-title":"MYC Function and Regulation in Physiological Perspective","volume":"11","author":"Jha R. 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