{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T09:55:15Z","timestamp":1790848515647,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,5]],"date-time":"2026-03-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1772668800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,5]],"date-time":"2026-03-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1772668800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["analyticalsciencejournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J of Applied Toxicology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Silica nanoparticles (SiO\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    NPs) are widely used in biomedical and industrial applications, raising concerns about chronic exposure effects. This study investigated the impact of 90\u2010day oral SiO\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    NP exposure on male reproductive function in Wistar rats (\n                    <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20096). In accordance with OECD 408 guidelines and our 14\u2010day range\u2010finding study, doses of 500, 1000, and 2000\u2009mg\/kg were selected, with 2000\u2009mg\/kg identified as the highest nontoxic level for sub\u2010chronic exposure, and reproductive endpoints including hormone levels, sperm quality, and testicular histopathology were subsequently evaluated. Exposure resulted in significant dose\u2010dependent reductions in body weight, food intake, reproductive organ weights, and serum hormone levels such as testosterone (T), follicle\u2010stimulating hormone (FSH), and luteinizing hormone (LH) (\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009&lt;\u20090.001), accompanied by histopathological damage to testicular tissue. Sperm count, vitality, motility, and morphology were significantly and dose\u2010dependently impaired. Enzymatic activities of testicular biomarkers\u2010including acid phosphatase (ACP), glucose\u20106\u2010phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD), \u03b3\u2010glutamyl transferase (\u03b3\u2010GT), and succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) were significantly decreased (&lt;\u20090.001), suggesting metabolic dysfunction. Real\u2010time PCR analyses revealed downregulation of SF\u20101 and associated steroidogenic genes (HSD3B1, HSD17B10, StAR), which was associated with altered testosterone biosynthesis. The observed SF\u20101 downregulation was associated with altered steroidogenic regulation, possibly mediated through oxidative and endocrine stress pathways. This study highlights the importance of assessing the long\u2010term safety of SiO\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    NPs and their impact on reproductive health, particularly in the context of SF\u20101\u2010mediated mechanisms.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jat.70135","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,8]],"date-time":"2026-03-08T21:15:13Z","timestamp":1773004513000},"page":"3767-3778","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["SF\u20101 Downregulation and Steroidogenic Disruption in Male Rats Exposed to Silica Nanoparticles (SiO\n                    <sub>2<\/sub>\n                    ) for 90\u2009Days"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"46","author":[{"given":"Y.","family":"Umapati","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Studies in Zoology Vijayanagara Sri Krishnadevaraya University  Ballari India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3338-1028","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vijaykumar\u00a0B.","family":"Malashetty","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Reproductive Biology and Mechanistic Toxicology Lab, Department of Zoology Gulbarga University  Kalaburagi India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s43188\u2010023\u201000203\u20102"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12633\u2010021\u201001611\u20105"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12011\u2010022\u201003280\u2010w"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0748233718757641"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10565\u2010019\u201009481\u20109"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12951\u2010025\u201003481\u20100"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00441\u2010021\u201003504\u2010w"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biomaterials.2012.12.043"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jat.4815"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2022.113210"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1248\/bpb.b16-00854"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2022.113053"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_10_14_1","first-page":"67","article-title":"Toxicity of Colloidal Silica Nanoparticles Administered Orally for 90 Days in Rats","volume":"9","author":"Kim Y. 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