{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,3]],"date-time":"2026-11-03T00:30:02Z","timestamp":1793665802701,"version":"4.5.1"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,30]],"date-time":"2026-04-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777507200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,30]],"date-time":"2026-04-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777507200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["analyticalsciencejournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J of Applied Toxicology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Ciprofloxacin (CP) is an antibiotic that exhibits notable antiproliferative effects on various types of cancer cells. This study evaluated the effects of a new synthetic derivative of CP on proliferation, viability, and apoptosis induction in human leukemia K562 cells. To this end, K562 cells were exposed to different concentrations (5\u201350\u2009\u03bcM) of the new compound for 24, 48, and 72\u2009h. Cell viability, cell growth, cell apoptosis induction, cell cycle, and the production of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) were assessed using the MTT method, Hoechst 33258 staining, Annexin V\/PI double\u2010staining flow cytometry, and DCFH\u2010DA staining, respectively. Moreover, real\u2010time PCR technique was employed to investigate the expression of Bax and Bcl\u20102 genes. Results revealed that the new compound inhibited cell viability and growth in a dose\u2010 and time\u2010dependent manner, with an IC\n                    <jats:sub>50<\/jats:sub>\n                    of 10\u2009\u03bcM for 72\u2009h. The 4\u2010IPMCP treatment induced apoptosis in K562 cells by down\u2010regulating Bcl\u20102, overexpressing Bax, and increasing the Bax\/Bcl\u20102 ratio. This treatment also stimulated cellular ROS generation and induced cell cycle arrest in the sub\u2010G1 phase. This study demonstrated the effects of 4\u2010IPMCP on cell cycle arrest, anticancer properties, and oxidative stress\u2013induced apoptosis in chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) K562 cells. Since this agent has the potential to inactivate cancer cells and treat patients, it can be considered a viable candidate for further drug studies in cancer treatment.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jat.70151","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T03:35:13Z","timestamp":1777606513000},"page":"4636-4645","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["In Vitro Assessment of Novel Ciprofloxacin Derivative Effects on Cell Proliferation, Cell Cycle and Oxidative Stress\u2013Induced Apoptosis in Chronic Myeloid Leukemia K562 Cell Line"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"46","author":[{"given":"Raziyeh","family":"Barzegari","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences Urmia University  Urmia Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1774-2783","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mehdi","family":"Mohammadzadeh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences Urmia University  Urmia Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0041-0440","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Majid","family":"Mahdavi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics (IBB) University of Tehran  Tehran Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,30]]},"reference":[{"issue":"116","key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Biological Evaluation of Aminopyrimidines Derivatives as Growth Inhibitor and Apoptosis Inducer of K562 Chronic Myeloid Leukemia Cells","volume":"24","author":"Alemi Serej F.","year":"2014","journal-title":"Journal of Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4172\/1948\u20105956.1000395"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pharep.2017.07.007"},{"issue":"5","key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","first-page":"1727","article-title":"Ciprofloxacin Triggers the Apoptosis of Human Triple\u2010Negative Breast Cancer MDA\u2010MB\u2010231 Cells via the p53\/Bax\/Bcl\u20102 Signaling Pathway","volume":"52","author":"Beberok A.","year":"2018","journal-title":"International Journal of Oncology"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms18102194"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.34172\/mj.2019.015"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4155\/fmc.12.181"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2009.10.035"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.freeradbiomed.2005.07.012"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","first-page":"207","article-title":"Ciprofloxacin Inhibits Cell Growth and Synergises the Effect of Etoposide in Hormone Resistant Prostate Cancer Cells","volume":"21","author":"El\u2010Rayes B. 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