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Thus, carbon nanotubes (CNTs) possess a high aspect ratio, tunable surface chemistry, and exceptional electrical and mechanical properties, establishing them as versatile nanoplatforms that can address significant challenges in CNS drug delivery. Despite the exploration of various nanocarriers, a significant gap persists in the comprehensive understanding of the convergence of CNT structure, functionalization, mechanistic transport pathways, and safety\u2010by\u2010design strategies for translational neurological applications. This review synthesizes recent advancements in CNT engineering, mechanisms of BBB traversal, cell\u2010specific targeting, and intracellular trafficking, as well as insights into CNT\u2010induced neurotoxicity and clearance pathways. Further, the review emphasizes therapeutic advancements in CNT\u2010mediated interventions for Alzheimer's disease (\n                    <jats:sc>AD<\/jats:sc>\n                    ), Parkinson's disease (PD), brain tumors, stroke, and epilepsy, focusing on multifunctional applications in drug delivery, neuroregeneration, immunomodulation, neuromodulation, theranostic, and biosensing. Additionally, it assesses preclinical results, safety factors, regulatory challenges, and the growing influence of artificial intelligence (AI)\u2010driven design in enhancing nanoscale behavior, functionalization, and biocompatibility. Lastly, the current review integrates technological innovations with mechanistic toxicology and translational challenges, establishing CNTs as promising neuro\u2010nanomedicine platforms that may effectively address unmet clinical needs in CNS disorders.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Trial Registration:<\/jats:bold>\n                    ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT04495634, NCT02873585, NCT01246336, NCT07034248, NCT07034248\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jat.70154","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,24]],"date-time":"2026-03-24T07:16:29Z","timestamp":1774336589000},"page":"2250-2274","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Reimagining Brain Drug Delivery: Mechanistic and Translational Advances in Carbon Nanotube 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