{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T09:55:12Z","timestamp":1790848512861,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":55,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]],"date-time":"2026-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775001600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]],"date-time":"2026-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1775001600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["U21A20399"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["U21A20399"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["analyticalsciencejournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J of Applied Toxicology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>As emerging environmental contaminants, nano\u2010 and micro\u2010plastics (NMPs) have drawn increasing research attention due to potential hazards to organisms. Particle shape is a key factor influencing the toxic effects of NMPs, and NMPs of different shapes cause varying degrees of tissue damage. We investigated the specific mechanisms of polystyrene NMPs (PS\u2010NMPs) with different shapes underlying damage to the colonic intestinal barrier. We divided 120 five\u2010week\u2010old male C57BL\/6J mice into seven groups that were orally exposed to different doses of PS\u2010NMPs for 5\u2009weeks. Hematoxylin and eosin staining showed that both shapes of PS\u2010NMPs induced colon pathological injuries, with more pronounced damage in the PS\u2010Fibers groups. DAO and D\u2010LA levels were increased in the medium\u2010 and high\u2010dose groups. In all PS\u2010Fibers groups, DAO and D\u2010LA levels were significantly elevated. Immunohistochemical analysis revealed discontinuous distribution and reduced expression of ZO\u20101 and occludin in the PS\u2010NMPs groups. Alcian blue\u2010periodic acid\u2013Schiff staining results indicated that both types of PS\u2010NMPs significantly reduced the number of goblet cells. The levels of ZO\u20101, occludin, MUC2, and E\u2010cadherin were significantly decreased in the high\u2010dose PS\u2010Beads group and all PS\u2010Fibers groups. The expression of pro\u2010inflammatory cytokines was significantly increased in the high\u2010dose PS\u2010Beads group and all PS\u2010Fibers groups. Mechanistically, PS\u2010Fibers induced colonic intestinal barrier damage by activating both the TLR4\/NF\u2010\u03baB\/iNOS and FAK\/NF\u2010\u03baB\/iNOS pathways, whereas PS\u2010Beads induced damage primarily via the TLR4\/NF\u2010\u03baB\/iNOS pathway. These findings highlight the effect of differently shaped PS\u2010NMPs on affecting colonic barrier function, thereby providing new insights into the adverse health effects of NMPs.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jat.70196","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,2]],"date-time":"2026-04-02T04:28:12Z","timestamp":1775104092000},"page":"4144-4159","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Colonic Barrier Dysfunction and Inflammation Induced by Nano\u2010\/Micro\u2010Plastics Fibers in Mice via the FAK\/NF\u2010\u03baB\/iNOS and TLR4\/NF\u2010\u03baB\/iNOS Pathways"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"46","author":[{"given":"Yuting","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Environmental Stress and Chronic Disease Control &amp; Prevention (China Medical University), Ministry of Education  Shenyang China"},{"name":"Research Center for Universal Health, School of Public 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