{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T15:27:25Z","timestamp":1788276445440,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":63,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,5]],"date-time":"2026-05-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777939200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,5]],"date-time":"2026-05-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777939200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["analyticalsciencejournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J of Applied Toxicology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Benzophenone\u20103 (BP\u20103) and\n                    <jats:italic>N,N<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2010diethyl\u2010m\u2010toluamide (DEET) are ingredients of personal care products. Despite the frequent occurrence of both compounds in aquatic environments and the fact that fish are exposed to these chemicals together, their combined effects on xenobiotic metabolizing enzymes and antioxidant enzyme activities have not been studied in aquatic organisms. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of the combination of BP\u20103 and DEET on cytochrome P450 and antioxidant system in rainbow trout (\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">\n                      <jats:italic>Oncorhynchus mykiss<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:styled-content>\n                    ). For this purpose, juvenile male rainbow trout samples were treated with two different doses (100 and 500\u2009\u03bcg\/L) of BP\u20103, DEET, and their combinations for 9\u2009days. Low dose BP\u20103\u2009+\u2009DEET administration increased EROD activity. High\u2010dose BP\u20103 and high dose BP\u20103\u2009+\u2009DEET administration reduced EROD and PROD activities. Glutathione S\u2010transferase activities of treatment groups were not affected by either individual exposure or co\u2010administration of BP\u20103 and DEET. Individual administration low dose DEET increased catalase activity, whereas high dose BP\u20103 increased glutathione reductase activity. The results indicated that cytochrome P450 enzyme activities were affected by the combined administration of BP\u20103 and DEET. These enzymes are responsible for the metabolism of endogenous molecules and environmental pollutants. Accordingly, exposure to BP\u20103 and DEET mixture may affect the metabolism of endogenous molecules and other pollutants in fish. Alteration of these enzyme activities highlights the toxicity of BP\u20103 and DEET for fish and the need to improve strategies for monitoring and removing these contaminants from aquatic environments.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jat.70231","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,5]],"date-time":"2026-05-05T07:39:49Z","timestamp":1777966789000},"page":"3632-3641","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Xenobiotic Metabolizing Enzyme Response of Rainbow Trout (\n                    <scp>\n                      <i>Oncorhynchus mykiss<\/i>\n                    <\/scp>\n                    ) to Benzophenone\u20103 and\n                    <i>N,N<\/i>\n                    \u2010diethyl\u2010m\u2010toluamide"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"46","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6949-9191","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Azra","family":"Bozcaarmutlu\u2010B\u00fcken","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Arts and Science, Department of Chemistry Bolu Abant Izzet Baysal University (BA\u0130BU)  Bolu Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ahmet","family":"G\u00fcnb\u00fcr","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Arts and Science, Department of Chemistry Bolu Abant Izzet Baysal University (BA\u0130BU)  Bolu Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Canan","family":"Sapmaz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Arts and Science, Department of Chemistry Bolu Abant Izzet Baysal University (BA\u0130BU)  Bolu Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Volkan","family":"Y\u0131ld\u0131r\u0131m","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Arts and Science, Department of Chemistry Bolu Abant Izzet Baysal University (BA\u0130BU)  Bolu Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5162-1606","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hakan","family":"T\u00fcrker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Arts and Science, Department of Biology Bolu Abant Izzet Baysal University (BA\u0130BU)  Bolu Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0076\u20106879(84)05016\u20103"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aquatox.2019.105293"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jbt.10075"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0305\u20100491(93)90349\u2010A"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1351\/pac200072060985"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/gcen.2000.7585"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/environments12070219"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.taap.2012.06.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11356\u2010014\u20103700\u20103"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jbt.21563"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10643389509388479"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0090\u20109556(25)05659\u20104"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.teac.2019.e00079"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0076\u20106879(85)13062\u20104"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2022.120678"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1741\u20107007\u20107\u201047"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aquatox.2008.08.018"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2007.05.036"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11356\u2010022\u201021913\u20104"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00244\u2010015\u20100227\u20107"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecss.2018.10.017"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1100\/2012\/986590"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/jox11030007"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envint.2025.109254"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978\u20103\u2010642\u201079451\u20103_7"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecoenv.2013.06.022"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/10409239009090607"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021\u20109258(19)42083\u20108"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envint.2014.05.015"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/etc.3129"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0305\u20100491(99)00080\u20102"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(19)52451-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apsb.2019.11.016"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/C8EW00539G"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2020.114857"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2174\/138920009789895534"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsestwater.5c00489"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00498254.2019.1680906"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s0009\u20102797(01)00293\u20109"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.bi.56.070187.004501"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s0003\u20109861(02)00553\u20102"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_43_1","volume-title":"Pesticide Ecotoxicity Database (Formerly: Environmental Effects Database (EEDB)), Environmental Fate and Effects Division","author":"Office of Pesticide Programs","year":"2000"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0378-4274(94)90101-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/jox14020032"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmars.2021.671319"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/01480545.2018.1471089"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2022.160966"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0016\u20106480(84)90077\u20107"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0742\u20108413(98)10046\u20104"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2014\/828515"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chemosphere.2023.138756"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-374367-1.00098-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2022.119860"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1054\/drup.1999.0086"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2004.10.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.etap.2012.02.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_58_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1124\/dmd.30.3.289"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_59_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules28031447"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_60_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms25115675"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_61_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2021.147819"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_62_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.taap.2014.12.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_63_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2020.141255"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_64_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2022.120792"}],"container-title":["Journal of Applied Toxicology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/analyticalsciencejournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/jat.70231","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/analyticalsciencejournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/jat.70231","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/analyticalsciencejournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/jat.70231","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T15:08:52Z","timestamp":1788275332000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/analyticalsciencejournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/jat.70231"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,5]]},"references-count":63,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/jat.70231"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/jat.70231","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0260-437X","1099-1263"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0260-437X","type":"print"},{"value":"1099-1263","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,5]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-11-29","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-04-23","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-05-05","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}