{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,8]],"date-time":"2026-06-08T07:59:27Z","timestamp":1780905567092,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,8]],"date-time":"2026-06-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780876800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,8]],"date-time":"2026-06-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780876800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["analyticalsciencejournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J of Applied Toxicology"],"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Roundup is a glyphosate\u2010based herbicide (GBH) widely used for weed control. Because it targets a pathway absent in animals, it has long been considered to have minimal effects on animal health. However, increasing evidence suggests potential reproductive toxicity. We investigated the effects of low\u2010level exposure to a GBH in adult male Sprague Dawley rats (8\u20139\u2009weeks old), administered orally via tap water for 30\u2009days, corresponding to microgram\u2010level glyphosate\u2010equivalent exposure. We evaluated sperm parameters, reproductive organ weights, fertility outcomes, circulating hormones, and testicular oxidative stress markers. Estimated daily GBH (glyphosate\u2010equivalent) intakes were 55\u2009\u03bcg\/kg\/day (0.7\u2009mg\/L) and approximately 6\u2009mg\/kg\/day (70\u2009mg\/L). Both exposure levels reduced male fertility, evidenced by increased embryonic resorptions in females mated with treated males. High\u2010dose exposure reduced testicular and epididymal weights, whereas low\u2010dose exposure decreased prostate weight. Sperm counts and daily sperm production were significantly reduced at both doses, with increased abnormal sperm morphology, indicating impaired fertilization potential. Hormonal analysis showed dose\u2010dependent disruption of the hypothalamic\u2013pituitary\u2013gonadal axis. Testosterone and luteinizing hormone were reduced at the higher dose, whereas estradiol increased, and follicle\u2010stimulating hormone decreased at the lower dose. In testicular tissue, low\u2010dose GBH exposure enhanced antioxidant activity, whereas higher exposure suppressed key antioxidant enzymes and increased lipid peroxidation, indicating oxidative stress. Overall, even very low concentrations of GBH altered male reproductive function through disrupting hormonal balance, impairing sperm quality, and inducing oxidative stress in the testes. These findings suggest that exposure levels considered safe may still pose risks to male reproductive health.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jat.70274","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,8]],"date-time":"2026-06-08T07:36:38Z","timestamp":1780904198000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Low\u2010Dose Glyphosate\u2010Based Herbicide Exposure Induces Oxidative Stress and Impairs Hormonal and Reproductive Function in Male Rats"],"prefix":"10.1002","author":[{"given":"Alaa","family":"Al\u2010Azzam","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Applied Biological Sciences Jordan University of Science and Technology  Irbid Jordan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Homa","family":"Darmani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Applied Biological Sciences Jordan University of Science and Technology  Irbid Jordan"},{"name":"Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Faculty of Science and Arts Jordan University of Science and Technology  Irbid Jordan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,8]]},"reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"70","DOI":"10.3109\/15376516.2014.989349","article-title":"Combined Effects of Repeated Administration of Bretmont Wipeout (Glyphosate) and Ultrazin (Atrazine) on Testosterone, Oxidative Stress and Sperm Quality of Wistar Rats","volume":"25","author":"Abarikwu S. 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