{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,23]],"date-time":"2026-06-23T02:47:02Z","timestamp":1782182822153,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,22]],"date-time":"2026-06-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782086400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,22]],"date-time":"2026-06-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782086400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["analyticalsciencejournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J of Applied Toxicology"],"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">\n                      <jats:italic>Peganum harmala<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:styled-content>\n                    L. is a plant rich in \u03b2\u2010carboline alkaloids, especially harmine, which is widely used in folk medicine and has therapeutic and toxic effects depending on the dose. In order to determine the toxic properties of harmine, the experiment was carried out by perorally treating this substance to the animals at a dose of 20\u2009mg\/kg every day for 14\u2009days. As a result, although the absolute liver weight was significantly increased in the harmine\u2010treated group compared to the control rats (4.65\u2009g vs. 4.25\u2009g,\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20090.04), the relative liver weight was significantly decreased (2.96% vs. 3.55%,\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20090.0045), likely reflecting the disproportionate increase in total body mass observed in the harmine group (157.25\u2009g vs. 119.5\u2009g,\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20090.0002). Additionally, the relative weight of the cerebral hemispheres was significantly reduced, and a statistically significant increase in ALT levels was observed. In the rats treated with harmine, blood was observed in the urine in 85.72% on the first day, and nitrites and proteins were observed in 71.3%. Examination of the amounts of alkaloids in organs and samples, very high amounts of harmine were found, especially in the liver. The 97.78% decrease in harmine content when passing from the stomach to the small intestine indicates its absorption from the stomach. As the result of light and transmission electron microscopy pathological changes were detected due to harmine such as damage to the wall of the central venous vessels and sinusoids, increase in the amount of edema fluid as a result of increased vascular permeability, indistinguishability of boundaries between hepatocytes and steatosis in their cytoplasm, vacuolization, increase in the amount of lysosomes, dystrophy of some nuclei, destruction of the microvilles of bile capillaries.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jat.70289","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,23]],"date-time":"2026-06-23T02:00:24Z","timestamp":1782180024000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Toxicological, Biochemical, and Electron Microscopic Characteristics of the Effect of Harmine Alkaloid From\n                    <scp>\n                      <i>Peganum harmala<\/i>\n                    <\/scp>\n                    L. Under In\u00a0Vivo Conditions"],"prefix":"10.1002","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4221-3656","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tohfa","family":"Nasibova","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology and Chemistry Azerbaijan Medical University  Baku Azerbaijan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9666-9918","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eldar","family":"Garayev","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology and Chemistry Azerbaijan Medical University  Baku Azerbaijan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5104-4260","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eldar","family":"Gasimov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cytology, Embryology and Histology Azerbaijan Medical University  Baku Azerbaijan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8128-1101","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fuad","family":"Rzayev","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electron Microscopy, Scientific Research Center Azerbaijan Medical University  Baku Azerbaijan"},{"name":"Research Institute of Living Systems PLE Ministry of Science and Education  Baku Azerbaijan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1596-0878","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Farid","family":"Aliyev","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Gen Pharma Caucasus Manufacturing Operations LLC  Baku Azerbaijan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2515\/therapie\/2012003"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1166\/nnl.2015.2028"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms24043487"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2006.04.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2024.132100"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1538\u20107836.2009.03498.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000038033"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1934578X231182905"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpendo.00405.2020"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0019264"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1158\/0008\u20105472.CAN\u201012\u20103983"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","unstructured":"Garayev E. A. I. S.Movsumov T. A.Nasibova G.Herbette andE. E.Garayev.2018. \u201cAlkaloids From Grains ofPeganum harmalaFrom Azerbaijan Flora.\u201d Paper Presented at the 30th International Symposium on the Chemistry of Natural Products Athens Greece November 25\u201329 2018."},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","first-page":"96","article-title":"Microscopic and Ultrastructural Characteristics of Changes in the Structural Elements of Liver Under the Action of Copper (II) Sulfate","volume":"3","author":"Gasimov E. K.","year":"2018","journal-title":"Azerbaijan Medical Journal"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_1","first-page":"11","article-title":"Light and Electron Microscopic Studies of Changes Taking Place in Gingival Lamina Propria Elements During the Exsudative Phase of Inflammatory Process in Patients With Major Thalassemia","volume":"24","author":"Gasimov E. 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