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After release into aquatic systems, photo\u2010oxidation, mechanical abrasion, fragmentation, and biofilm\u2010associated aging modify their surface chemistry, morphology, polarity, and reactivity. Simultaneously, natural organic matter, humic substances, extracellular polymeric substances, proteins, lipids, and microbial products adsorb onto plastic surfaces, forming eco\u2010coronas that regulate aggregation, colloidal stability, contaminant partitioning, and desorption behavior. A central unresolved question is how eco\u2010corona\u2010coated particles are remodeled after organismal entry, how environmental coronas are exchanged into bio\u2010coronas within mucus, gut, gill, and tissue microenvironments, and how these dynamic interfaces control the toxicokinetics of coexisting pollutants. This review synthesizes current evidence to define when weathered microplastics and nanoplastics act as vectors, sinks, amplifiers, or neutral carriers of co\u2010pollutants. We emphasize internal exposure, bioaccessibility, residence time, and tissue distribution rather than nominal water concentrations or adsorption capacity alone. Classical modeling indicates that, for many hydrophobic organic contaminants, chemical flux from natural prey, sediments, and organic matter may exceed that from ingested plastics under typical environmental conditions, requiring scenario\u2010specific interpretation. However, this logic should not be generalized to antibiotics, pharmaceuticals, metals, and per\u2010 and polyfluoroalkyl substances, whose interactions may depend on electrostatics, ionization, hydrogen bonding, cation bridging, corona chemistry, and gut\u2010phase desorption. We propose a predictive framework linking plastic aging, eco\u2010corona formation, bio\u2010corona remodeling, partitioning\/desorption kinetics, uptake, retention, translocation, and organism\u2010level outcomes. Finally, within an explicitly aquatic scope, we outline minimum reporting requirements to improve comparability, mechanistic interpretation, and risk relevance in microplastic\u2013mixture toxicology, including clearer reporting of particle\u2010size class, size distribution, hydrodynamic diameter after corona formation, and size\u2010dependent uptake or translocation outcomes.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jat.70322","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,6]],"date-time":"2026-07-06T06:27:51Z","timestamp":1783319271000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Toxicokinetics and Toxicological Implications of Eco\u2010 and Bio\u2010Corona Formation on Micro\u2010 and Nanoplastics in Aquatic Systems"],"prefix":"10.1002","author":[{"given":"Aziz","family":"Ullah","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Biotechnology, College of Life and Applied Sciences Yeungnam University  Gyeongsan Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6864-2366","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wajid","family":"Zaman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Life Sciences Yeungnam University  Gyeongsan Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598\u2010025\u201012799\u20106"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fenvs.2021.678574"},{"issue":"45","key":"e_1_2_12_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33143","DOI":"10.1039\/D4RA05269B","article-title":"Sustainable Polymeric Adsorbents for Adsorption\u2010Based Water Remediation and Pathogen Deactivation: A Review","volume":"14","author":"Alkhaldi H.","year":"2024","journal-title":"RSC Advances"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-61286-3","volume-title":"Stream Ecology: Structure and Function of Running Waters","author":"Allan J. 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