{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,31]],"date-time":"2026-07-31T08:00:21Z","timestamp":1785484821335,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":65,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,31]],"date-time":"2026-07-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785456000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,31]],"date-time":"2026-07-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1785456000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["analyticalsciencejournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J of Applied Toxicology"],"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    The present study emphasizes the cAMP\u2010dependent signaling pathway, germinal vesicle breakdown (GVBD), and the role of the Nrf2\u2013metallothionein (MT) system under metal\u2010induced oxidative stress. It compares how zinc (Zn) and lead (Pb) affect steroid\u2010driven oocyte maturation in the freshwater catfish\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">\n                      <jats:italic>Mystus vittatus<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:styled-content>\n                    via in\u00a0vitro exposure of oocytes to inhibitory concentrations (1\/10 IC\u2085\u2080: ZnSO\u2084 at 3.9\u2009\u03bcM, Pb (NO\u2083)\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    at 2.4\u2009\u03bcM). Measurements included reactive oxygen species, Ca\n                    <jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>\n                    , cAMP\u2010protein kinase A, maturation\u2010inducing hormone (MIH), MT, estradiol receptor \u03b1, cyclin B\u2013Cdc2, and the nuclear factor erythroid 2\u2010related factor 2 and Kelch\u2010like ECH\u2010associated protein 1 pathway. Exposure of oocytes to Zn and Pb significantly (\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009&lt;\u20090.05) reduced GVBD, MIH, and Ca\n                    <jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>\n                    levels, whereas estradiol and ER\u03b1 remained unchanged. Pb exposure significantly (\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009&lt;\u20090.05) elevated cAMP and PKA. Cyclin B and Cdc2 protein levels significantly (\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009&lt;\u20090.05) dropped in metal\u2010exposed oocytes. Both metals significantly (\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009&lt;\u20090.05) increased ROS, with Pb inducing greater. MT and nuclear Nrf2 expression increased significantly (\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009&lt;\u20090.05), whereas cytosolic Keap1 significantly (\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009&lt;\u20090.05) declined, most markedly with Pb. Statistical analyses, including ANOVA, correlation, principal component analysis (PCA), and random forest model (RFM), were performed to understand the redox\u2010regulatory mechanisms of the oocyte maturation pathway in distinct, metal\u2010specific ways: Pb more strongly impaired steroid\u2010mediated oocyte maturation than Zn. PCA and RFM highlighted increased ROS, Nrf2, cAMP, and MT, with decreased MIH\u2013MPF components, indicating that metal\u2010induced redox activation up\u2010regulated the Nrf2\u2013MT pathway while suppressing maturation signals, thereby delaying oocyte maturation.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jat.70374","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,31]],"date-time":"2026-07-31T07:36:26Z","timestamp":1785483386000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Zinc and Lead Impair Steroid\u2010Driven Oocyte Maturation Through Nrf2\u2013Metallothionein and cAMP Signaling in\n                    <scp>\n                      <i>Mystus vittatus<\/i>\n                    <\/scp>\n                    (Bloch, 1794): Insights From an In\u00a0Vitro Study"],"prefix":"10.1002","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7081-0699","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Saheli","family":"Kumar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Zoology University of Calcutta  Kolkata India"},{"name":"Environmental Nanoscience Laboratory, Department of Earth Sciences Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata  Mohanpur West Bengal India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1946-6463","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Soumyadip","family":"Panja","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Andaman and Nicobar Regional Centre (ANRC) Zoological Survey of India (ZSI)  Port Blair Andaman and Nicobar Islands India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-8672-7724","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Abhishek","family":"Choudhury","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Zoology University of Calcutta  Kolkata India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5955-7944","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Adity","family":"Sarbajna","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Zoology Surendranath College  Kolkata India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1095-8859","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Suman Bhusan","family":"Chakraborty","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Zoology University of Calcutta  Kolkata India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.21608\/ejabf.2022.271752"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10695\u2010023\u201001230\u20104"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph18041464"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/19425120.2011.556932"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.21608\/ejabf.2019.45670"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mex.2015.11.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/jmse10111592"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2021.643972"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.22438\/jeb\/43\/5\/MRN\u20104042"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_11_1","volume-title":"Cell Death Regulation in Pathology","author":"Bhat I. 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