{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,19]],"date-time":"2026-09-19T07:25:31Z","timestamp":1789802731959,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":168,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,18]],"date-time":"2026-09-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1789689600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,18]],"date-time":"2026-09-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1789689600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001843","name":"Science and Engineering Research Board","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["SRG\/2019\/001995"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SRG\/2019\/001995"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001843","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["analyticalsciencejournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J of Applied Toxicology"],"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Humans are routinely exposed to various exogenous compounds that ultimately reach the liver, the major site for xenobiotic metabolism and detoxification, making it most vulnerable to their toxic effects. Therefore, a systemic toxicity assessment of all xenobiotics must be conducted before human exposure to understand their potential toxic mechanism, determine a safe exposure limit, and mitigate the risk of adverse health outcomes. Traditional animal models and 2\u2010D models have long served as the cornerstone of toxicology, but they have less human\u2010relevant toxicity prediction ability. As a consequence, they frequently miss xenobiotic toxicities that are later determined on human exposure. To promote 3Rs strategy (Reduce, Refine, and Replace) and advance NAMs (new approach methodologies)\/NGRA (next\u2010generation risk assessment), there is a revolutionary advancement toward human\u2010centric in\u00a0vitro platforms for hepatotoxicity testing of diverse compounds. In the past few years, advancements in microfabrication, microfluidics and toxicology research have made liver\u2010on\u2010chip (LoC), a valuable platform for hepatotoxicity risk assessment. LoC, a miniaturized platform with various advanced components, has the potential to recapitulate the complex physiological hepatic microenvironment, including heterogeneous multicellular interactions, dynamic flow, and metabolic zonation, thereby bridging critical translational gaps of conventional testing models. This review explores the state\u2010of\u2010the\u2010art LoC models for liver toxicity assessment of various exogenous compounds, particularly pharmaceutics, herbal compounds, and environmental pollutants. The review discusses advancements in chip design, co\u2010culture methods, and liver toxicity detection techniques, along with commercially available LoCs. Finally, we conclude with challenges and future research directions for LoCs in hepatotoxicity assessment.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jat.70435","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,19]],"date-time":"2026-09-19T06:55:30Z","timestamp":1789800930000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Liver\u2010on\u2010Chip Models as Miniaturized Platforms for In\u00a0Vitro Hepatotoxicity Testing"],"prefix":"10.1002","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-5597-0505","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sunita","family":"Sahoo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biotechnology Rama Devi Women's University  Bhubaneswar Odisha India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4025-979X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dillip Kumar","family":"Bishi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biotechnology Rama Devi Women's University  Bhubaneswar Odisha India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.23880\/act\u201016000293"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ahmed T. andZ. T.Tisha.2022. \u201cLab\u2010on\u2010a\u2010Chip: Fabrication and Frontiers Aiming at Biomedicines\u201c. Detection Science. Volume 25.https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1039\/9781837673476\u201000073.","DOI":"10.1039\/9781837673476"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/bios15020076"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10937404.2023.2261848"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/mi16020201"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/9781119436812","volume-title":"The Liver: Biology and Pathobiology\u201c","author":"Arias I. M.","year":"2020"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jiec.2021.03.035"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/toxsci\/kfae143"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.12998\/wjcc.v9.i20.5490"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/C9LC00768G"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00204\u2010020\u201002682\u2010w"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tox.2020.152667"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/smll.202000253"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/C8LC01029C"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/d4lc01011f"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/HEP.0000000000000669"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2019.01.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsbiomaterials.0c00640"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adhm.202202936"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-41679-9_5","volume-title":"Xenobiotic Metabolic Enzymes: Bioactivation and Antioxidant Defense","author":"Chen C.\u2010H.","year":"2020"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/nu14132768"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-813602-7.00003-X","volume-title":"An Introduction to Interdisciplinary Toxicology","author":"Chen G.","year":"2020"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/s21041367"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cobme.2025.100601"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/app12105029"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s44371\u2010025\u201000133\u2010y"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fbioe.2020.00163"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/mi10100676"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2025.119633"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10426914.2020.1832691"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.prp.2023.154375"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s13206\u2010022\u201000087\u20108"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsomega.5c00222"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_35_1","volume-title":"2nd EAI International Conference on Renewable Energy and Sustainable Manufacturing","author":"Duong L. H.","year":"2025"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fct.2020.111850"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev\u2010bioeng\u2010060418\u2010052305"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/jox11030007"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s43856\u2010022\u201000209\u20101"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/01480545.2024.2388292"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/1361\u20106439\/ababf4"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_42_1","unstructured":"Farooqi M. A.2022. \u201cEffect of Methanolic Extracts of Acer Cappadocicum on HepG2 Cancer Cell Line in a Liver Microphysiological System.\u201dhttps:\/\/oak.jejunu.ac.kr\/handle\/2020.oak\/24050."},{"key":"e_1_2_12_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsomega.3c03155"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.22270\/jddt.v9i3\u2010s.3089"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0192623319895481"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/bios14090435"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/pharmaceutics15041300"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2019.01667"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00204\u2010020\u201002885\u20101"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1063\/1.4998604"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2022.1083780"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13321\u2010025\u201000992\u20108"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/1361\u20106439\/ab1f99"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/cells9020304"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/17562848231163410"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/d4bm01273a"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsami.2c00312"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_58_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598\u2010023\u201040004\u2010z"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_59_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1113\/JP281061"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_60_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/mi13030428"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_61_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tox.2025.154230"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_62_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cpz1.1015"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_63_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s43188\u2010025\u201000289\u2010w"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_64_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s43188\u2010025\u201000327\u20107"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_65_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598\u2010023\u201041425\u20106"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_66_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mrgentox.2024.503762"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_67_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00204\u2010019\u201002613\u20104"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_68_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tox.2025.154378"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_69_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/cpr.13099"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_70_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/bios12070445"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_71_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598\u2010025\u201012846\u20102"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_72_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/biot.201800347"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_73_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2217\/nnm\u20102019\u20100086"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_74_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12938\u2010024\u201001226\u2010y"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_75_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bios.2022.114758"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_76_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/toxsci\/kfab003"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_77_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s42242\u2010021\u201000142\u20107"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_78_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fcell.2025.1648639"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_79_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/rb\/rbac079"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_80_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms24076248"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_81_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tiv.2023.105641"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_82_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms23052662"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_83_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev\u2010pharmtox\u2010061724\u2010080621"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_84_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/HEP.0000000000000207"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_85_1","first-page":"221","volume-title":"Advances in Pharmacology","author":"McGill M. R.","year":"2019"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_86_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsabm.9b00073"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_87_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsptsci.5c00162"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_88_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2024.101143"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_89_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/C9LC00861F"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_90_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbiosc.2023.10.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_91_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/bioengineering9090443"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_92_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/D2LC00307D"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_93_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gastha.2024.08.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_94_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms23063315"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_95_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.medidd.2020.100060"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_96_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yrtph.2021.105090"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_97_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/biomedicines8100374"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_98_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/2057\u20101976\/ae1506"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_99_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actbio.2020.08.041"},{"issue":"7","key":"e_1_2_12_100_1","first-page":"3461","article-title":"Management of Hepatotoxicity of Chemotherapy and Targeted Agents","volume":"11","author":"Mudd T. W.","year":"2021","journal-title":"American Journal of Cancer Research"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_101_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/biomedicines13061272"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_102_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-24432-3_7","volume-title":"Liver Diseases: A Multidisciplinary Textbook","author":"Neuman M. G.","year":"2020"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_103_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00204\u2010022\u201003234\u20100"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_104_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.isci.2025.113992"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_105_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/btpr.3069"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_106_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s\u20100041\u20101742279"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_107_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/D1BM01872H"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_108_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10404\u2010021\u201002502\u20102"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_109_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4254\/wjh.v12.i9.574"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_110_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000037903"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_111_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/liv.14942"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_112_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.21741\/9781644904213-1","article-title":"Microfluidic Device Fabrication: Techniques, Materials, Integration Strategies and Commercialization Prospects","volume":"191","author":"Prajapati V. D.","year":"2026","journal-title":"Materials Research Foundations"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_113_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/SMMD.20220010"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_114_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10620\u2010021\u201007203\u2010y"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_115_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.47583\/ijpsrr.2024.v84i01.013"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_116_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10439\u2010025\u201003779\u2010y"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_117_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2025.179825"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_118_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/19390211.2024.2417679"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_119_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/biomimetics8010074"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_120_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/mi12050470"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_121_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fbioe.2022.837087"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_122_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.31999"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_123_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/25165984241237357"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_124_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tox.2020.152651"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_125_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsomega.4c11227"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_126_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.toxlet.2025.07.459"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_127_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envint.2023.108082"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_128_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms19010261"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_129_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fcell.2021.626805"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_130_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"323","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-323-99125-4.00013-5","volume-title":"Phytopharmaceuticals and Herbal Drugs","author":"Shahabipour F.","year":"2023"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_131_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.toxlet.2025.111735"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_132_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adhm.202100633"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_133_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/sciimmunol.abi7083"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_134_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pcbi.1007622"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_135_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envpol.2023.122610"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_136_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1063\/5.0192295"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_137_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"422","DOI":"10.1002\/9781119436812.ch34","volume-title":"The Liver","author":"S\u00f8rensen K. K.","year":"2020"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_138_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/10915818221139471"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_139_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.47162\/RJME.61.3.01"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_140_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adhm.202203172"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_141_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms22095038"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_142_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fbioe.2022.845360"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_143_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms21010212"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_144_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.curtheres.2024.100737"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_145_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cclet.2021.11.029"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_146_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/17474124.2021.1857238"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_147_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/toxics10100566"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_148_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00204\u2010020\u201002940\u2010x"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_149_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00204\u2010020\u201002763\u2010w"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_150_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1063\/5.0172677"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_151_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/cts.13066"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_152_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/exp2.70137"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_153_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/adhm.202302217"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_154_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acsbiomaterials.9b01667"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_155_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mtbio.2025.101643"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_156_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12951\u2010024\u201002547\u20109"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_157_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1293\/tox.2022\u20100112"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_158_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bios.2022.114626"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_159_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/smll.202403560"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_160_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1063\/5.0106855"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_161_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1124\/pharmrev.120.000238"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_162_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fct.2024.115016"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_163_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10565\u2010024\u201009893\u20102"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_164_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/biomimetics10070443"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_165_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2021.644594"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_166_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10408444.2020.1756219"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_167_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/smll.202505653"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_168_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules24040675"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_169_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.talanta.2022.123262"}],"container-title":["Journal of Applied Toxicology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/analyticalsciencejournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/jat.70435","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/analyticalsciencejournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/jat.70435","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/analyticalsciencejournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/jat.70435","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,19]],"date-time":"2026-09-19T06:55:36Z","timestamp":1789800936000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/analyticalsciencejournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/jat.70435"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,18]]},"references-count":168,"alternative-id":["10.1002\/jat.70435"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/jat.70435","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0260-437X","1099-1263"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0260-437X","type":"print"},{"value":"1099-1263","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,18]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2026-06-29","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-08-25","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-09-18","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"jat.70435"}}