{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,8]],"date-time":"2026-05-08T00:18:51Z","timestamp":1778199531351,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"11-12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,6,1]],"date-time":"2016-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1464739200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"name":"State of S\u00e3o Paulo Research Assistance Foundation","award":["FAPESP 2013\/13032-8"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FAPESP 2013\/13032-8"]}]},{"name":"Project CNPq","award":["305905\/2014-7"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["305905\/2014-7"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Journal of Biophotonics"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Halitosis can exert a negative influence on the social relations of adolescents and affect one's self\u2010image. The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical and microbiological effect of antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) on halitosis in adolescents. Forty\u2010six individuals aged 12 to 19 years were randomly allocated: Group 1 \u2013 treatment with photodynamic therapy; Group 2 \u2013 treatment with a tongue scraper and Group 3 \u2013 treatment with a tongue scraper and photodynamic therapy. The count of bacterial colony\u2010forming units per milliliter was used for the microbiological analysis. Statistical analysis involved the Kruskal\u2013Wallis test followed by the Student\u2013Newman\u2013Keuls test. ANOVA was used for the determination of colony\u2010forming units after treatment. The level of significance for all statistical tests was 5% (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.05). After treatment, a statistically significant reduction in total volatile sulfur compounds was found in all groups (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.001), with the largest reduction (median: 0) found in Group 3 (tongue scraper and photodynamic therapy). Moreover, a statistically significant difference was found between treatment with aPDT and a tongue scraper alone (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.001). The present findings demonstrate an option for the treatment of halitosis in adolescents, with an immediate effect and without the mechanical aggression to the toungue.\n<jats:boxed-text content-type=\"graphic\" position=\"anchor\"><jats:caption><jats:p>Clinical Trials: NCT02007993<\/jats:p><\/jats:caption><jats:graphic xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" mimetype=\"image\/png\" position=\"anchor\" specific-use=\"enlarged-web-image\" xlink:href=\"graphic\/jbio201600067-gra-0001-m.png\"><jats:alt-text>magnified image<\/jats:alt-text><jats:caption><jats:p>Clinical Trials: NCT02007993<\/jats:p><\/jats:caption><\/jats:graphic><\/jats:boxed-text><\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jbio.201600067","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,6,1]],"date-time":"2016-06-01T23:56:41Z","timestamp":1464825401000},"page":"1337-1343","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":31,"title":["Effect of photodynamic therapy for the treatment of halitosis in adolescents \u2013 a controlled, microbiological, clinical trial"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Ana Carolina","family":"Costa da Mota","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Biophotonics Applied to Science Health Nove de Julho Universit  R. 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