{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,23]],"date-time":"2026-08-23T18:28:50Z","timestamp":1787509730817,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,7,13]],"date-time":"2018-07-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1531440000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["81601601"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81601601"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["81472538"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81472538"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["20144Y0214"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["20144Y0214"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Biophotonics"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Zinc pthalocyanine (ZnPc) is a second\u2010generation photodynamic therapy (PDT) sensitizer with sufficient PDT activity for squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). ZnPc is hydrophobic and insoluble in water, which creates hurdles in systemic administration and hence restricts its use in clinic. Here we have loaded ZnPc on chitosan\/methoxy polyethylene glycol\u2010polylactic acid (CPP) nanoparticles to form Z\u2010CPP to enhance PDT efficacy. In vitro and in vivo studies were performed to see dark toxicity of the compounds ZnPc, CPP and Z\u2010CPP. Then PDT was done and its growth inhibitory effect on SCC cells was evaluated. In addition, reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation and apoptosis of cancer cells following PDT were studied. The results showed that the tested compounds exhibit no dark toxicity and the effect of PDT was significantly better with Z\u2010CPP when compared to free ZnPc (\n                    <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                    &lt;\u2009.05). Photoactivation of Z\u2010CPP led to a dose\u2010dependent growth inhibition of cancer cells of &gt;50% at 1 \u03bcM to &gt;80% at 10 \u03bcM concentration. Also Z\u2010CPP\u2010treated cells had highest number of apoptotic cells and produced more ROS compared to free ZnPc\u2010treated cells (\n                    <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                    &lt;\u2009.05). Hence, this study suggests that Z\u2010CPP is a suitable pharmaceutical compound to increase PDT efficacy.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:inline-graphic xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" xlink:href=\"graphic\/jbio201800114-gra-0001.png\" xlink:title=\"image\"\/>\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jbio.201800114","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,6,12]],"date-time":"2018-06-12T03:16:01Z","timestamp":1528773361000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":22,"title":["Zinc pthalocyanine\u2010loaded chitosan\/mPEG\u2010PLA nanoparticles\u2010mediated photodynamic therapy for the treatment of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Uma","family":"Keyal","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Photomedicine, Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine  Shanghai P. R. China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qiong","family":"Luo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nuclear Medicine Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital  Shanghai P. R. China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anil K.","family":"Bhatta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Photomedicine, Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine  Shanghai P. R. China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hansen","family":"Luan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Pharmaceutical Engineering Research Center China State Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry  Shanghai P. R. China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ping","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Druggability of Biopharmaceuticals, Department of Pharmaceutics China Pharmaceutical University  Nanjing P. R. China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qianqian","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Photomedicine, Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine  Shanghai P. R. China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Haiyan","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Photomedicine, Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine  Shanghai P. R. China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pei","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Photomedicine, Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine  Shanghai P. R. China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Linglin","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Photomedicine, Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine  Shanghai P. R. China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peiru","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Photomedicine, Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine  Shanghai P. R. China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Degang","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Photomedicine, Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine  Shanghai P. R. China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guolong","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Photomedicine, Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine  Shanghai P. R. China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jing","family":"Yao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Druggability of Biopharmaceuticals, Department of Pharmaceutics China Pharmaceutical University  Nanjing P. R. China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiuli","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Photomedicine, Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine  Shanghai P. R. China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lei","family":"Shi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Photomedicine, Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine  Shanghai P. R. China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,7,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-3083.2012.04688.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jdv.12258"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamadermatol.2016.4463"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1039\/c1ob05955f"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10103-009-0740-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","first-page":"227","volume":"6","author":"Da V. S. M.","year":"2011","journal-title":"Int. J. Nanomedicine"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","first-page":"1057","volume":"5","author":"Xiao R. Z.","year":"2010","journal-title":"Int. J. 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