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According to literature evidence, diode laser emitting in the near\u2010infrared wavelength (810\u2009nm) can be successfully used to fenestrate the endograft fabric. This paper describes a three\u2010dimensional navigation system for the accurate targeting of the fenestration site, then reports results of an ex vivo study to assess whether the laser operative conditions, which ensure the fabric fenestration, are harmless for the biological tissue surrounding the endoprosthesis. Two hundred twenty\u2010five samples of human aorta, including healthy specimens and abdominal aortic aneurysm samples, were irradiated ex vivo using a 810\u2009nm diode laser. Energy and pulse duration were varied. Irradiated tissues were fixed in formaldehyde, sectioned and subjected to histological examination. Only 7.5% of the irradiated samples exhibited a thermal damage, which was always confined to the contact point between the laser fiber tip and the aortic wall. These experiments suggest that the diode laser can be safely used for the proposed surgical application.<jats:inline-graphic xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" xlink:href=\"graphic\/jbio201900032-gra-0001.png\" xlink:title=\"image\"\/><\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jbio.201900032","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,18]],"date-time":"2019-05-18T06:59:24Z","timestamp":1558162764000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["In situ diode laser fenestration: An ex\u2010vivo evaluation of irradiation effects on human aortic tissue"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4116-8312","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Roberta","family":"Piazza","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Information Engineering University of Pisa  Pisa Italy"},{"name":"EndoCAS Center, Department of Translational Research and of New 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