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Raman spectroscopy (RS) has the potential to monitor these changes and utilize them for disease diagnostics. The current study utilizes mouse models aiming to compare the feasibility of the urine based RS combined with chemometrics for diagnosing kidney diseases directly influencing urine composition and respiratory tract diseases having no direct connection to urine formation. The diagnostic models for included diseases were built using principal component analysis with linear discriminant analysis and validated with a leave\u2010one\u2010mouse\u2010out cross\u2010validation approach. Considering kidney disorders, the accuracy of 100% was obtained in discrimination between sick and healthy mice, as well as between two different kidney diseases. For asthma and invasive pulmonary aspergillosis achieved accuracies were noticeably lower, being, respectively, 77.27% and 78.57%. In conclusion, our results suggest that RS of urine samples not only provides a solution for a rapid, sensitive and noninvasive diagnosis of kidney disorders, but also holds some promises for the screening of nonurinary tract diseases.<jats:inline-graphic xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" xlink:href=\"graphic\/jbio201900143-gra-0001.png\" xlink:title=\"image\"\/><\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jbio.201900143","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,4]],"date-time":"2019-11-04T15:50:05Z","timestamp":1572882605000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"title":["Towards Raman spectroscopy of urine as screening tool"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Olga","family":"\u017dukovskaja","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Physical Chemistry and Abbe Center of Photonics Friedrich Schiller University  Jena Germany"},{"name":"Research Campus Infectognostic Philosophenweg  Jena Germany"},{"name":"Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology, Member of the Research Alliance \u201cLeibniz Health Technologies\u201d  Jena Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Oleg","family":"Ryabchykov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Physical Chemistry and Abbe Center of Photonics Friedrich Schiller University  Jena Germany"},{"name":"Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology, Member of the Research Alliance \u201cLeibniz Health Technologies\u201d  Jena Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maria","family":"Stra\u00dfburger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology, Hans\u2010Kn\u00f6ll\u2010Institute  Jena Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Thorsten","family":"Heinekamp","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Leibniz Institute for Natural Product Research and Infection Biology, Hans\u2010Kn\u00f6ll\u2010Institute  Jena Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Axel A.","family":"Brakhage","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Physical Chemistry and Abbe Center of Photonics Friedrich Schiller University  Jena Germany"},{"name":"Institute of Microbiology, Friedrich Schiller University  Jena Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Christopher J.","family":"Hennings","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut f\u00fcr Humangenetik, Universit\u00e4tsklinikum  Jena Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Christian A.","family":"H\u00fcbner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut f\u00fcr Humangenetik, Universit\u00e4tsklinikum  Jena Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Wegmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Asthma Exacerbation &amp; 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