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The clinical diagnostics and research of psoriasis often require invasive biopsy which lacks their real\u2010time dynamics in vivo. Here we report a noninvasive microscopic system developed by combining in vivo fluorescent microscopy, optical clearing, and immunolabeling to enable real\u2010time imaging of immune cells and cytokines in blood flow in psoriatic animal models. The vascular morphology and time\u2010lapse kinetics of interleukin (IL)\u201023, IL\u201017, tumor necrosis factor\u2010\u03b1, and CD4+ cells in blood are captured at submicron resolution through the thickening epidermis and opaque scales during the development of psoriasis in vivo. Our data suggest IL\u201023 recruits CD4+ cells to release IL\u201017 in blood that further leaks out in the psoriatic skin area. This optical system enables noninvasive and real\u2010time assessment of immune molecules and cells in vivo, providing good potential for medical researches on psoriasis.<jats:inline-graphic xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" xlink:href=\"graphic\/jbio202200310-gra-0001.png\" xlink:title=\"image\"\/><\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jbio.202200310","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,15]],"date-time":"2022-12-15T07:15:10Z","timestamp":1671088510000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["An optical system for noninvasive microscopy of psoriatic mice in vivo"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Yiting","family":"Lu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Biomedical Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong University  Shanghai 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