{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,17]],"date-time":"2026-10-17T20:53:59Z","timestamp":1792270439935,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,16]],"date-time":"2023-02-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1676505600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["61805038"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["61805038"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["62075042"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["62075042"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["62205060"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["62205060"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Biophotonics"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>A deep learning model called choroidal vascularity index (CVI)\u2010Net is proposed to automatically segment the choroid layer and its vessels in overall optical coherence tomography (OCT) scans. Clinical parameters are then automatically quantified to determine structural and vascular changes in the choroid with the progression of diabetic retinopathy (DR) severity. The study includes 65 eyes consisting of 34 with proliferative DR (PDR), 17 with nonproliferative DR (NPDR), and 14 healthy controls from two OCT systems. On a dataset of 396 OCT B\u2010scan images with manually annotated ground truths, overall Dice coefficients of 96.6\u2009\u00b1\u20091.5 and 89.1\u2009\u00b1\u20093.1 are obtained by CVI\u2010Net for the choroid layer and vessel segmentation, respectively. The mean CVI values among the normal, NPDR, and PDR groups are consistent with reported outcomes. Statistical results indicate that CVI shows a significant negative correlation with DR severity level, and this correlation is independent of changes in other physiological parameters.<jats:inline-graphic xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" xlink:href=\"graphic\/jbio202200370-gra-0001.png\" xlink:title=\"image\"\/><\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jbio.202200370","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,12]],"date-time":"2023-01-12T15:04:02Z","timestamp":1673535842000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Choroidal vascularity index (<scp>CVI)\u2010Net<\/scp>\u2010based automatic assessment of diabetic retinopathy severity using CVI in optical coherence tomography images"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"16","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5317-6822","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xuehua","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Guangdong\u2010Hong Kong\u2010Macao Joint Laboratory for Intelligent Micro\u2010Nano Optoelectronic School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Foshan University  Foshan China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rui","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Guangdong\u2010Hong Kong\u2010Macao Joint Laboratory for Intelligent Micro\u2010Nano Optoelectronic School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Foshan University  Foshan China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Junyan","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Guangdong\u2010Hong Kong\u2010Macao Joint Laboratory for Intelligent Micro\u2010Nano Optoelectronic School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Foshan University  Foshan China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dingan","family":"Han","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Guangdong\u2010Hong Kong\u2010Macao Joint Laboratory for Intelligent Micro\u2010Nano Optoelectronic School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Foshan University  Foshan China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0784-296X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mingyi","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Guangdong\u2010Hong Kong\u2010Macao Joint Laboratory for Intelligent Micro\u2010Nano Optoelectronic School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Foshan University  Foshan China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Honglian","family":"Xiong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Guangdong\u2010Hong Kong\u2010Macao Joint Laboratory for Intelligent Micro\u2010Nano Optoelectronic School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Foshan University  Foshan China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9862-3657","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wenzheng","family":"Ding","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Guangdong\u2010Hong Kong\u2010Macao Joint Laboratory for Intelligent Micro\u2010Nano Optoelectronic School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Foshan University  Foshan China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yixu","family":"Zheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University  Guangzhou Guangdong China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ke","family":"Xiong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University  Guangzhou Guangdong China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yaguang","family":"Zeng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Guangdong\u2010Hong Kong\u2010Macao Joint Laboratory for Intelligent Micro\u2010Nano Optoelectronic School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Foshan University  Foshan China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2021.3124993"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.survophthal.2018.11.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.preteyeres.2020.100829"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2011.03.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-017-08276-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2011.05.021"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/IAE.0000000000000035"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/IAE.0b013e31821801c5"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/aos.12059"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajo.2015.03.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-016-0001-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","first-page":"1","volume":"14","author":"Zheng G.","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Innov. Opt. Heal Sci."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10278-021-00571-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1364\/BOE.8.002732"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/LGRS.2018.2802944"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/s20113085"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_18_1","first-page":"770","volume-title":"IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR)","author":"He K.","year":"2016"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_19_1","first-page":"7132","volume-title":"IEEE\/CVF Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition","author":"Hu J.","year":"2018"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_20_1","first-page":"2450","volume":"49","author":"Xu X.","year":"2022","journal-title":"Prog. Biochem. Biophys."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_21_1","first-page":"640","volume-title":"IEEE Trans Pattern Anal Mach Intell","author":"Shelhamer E.","year":"2017"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TPAMI.2016.2644615"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"O.Ronneberger P.Fischer T.Brox Medical Image Computing and Computer\u2010Assitsted Intervention (MICCAI) Springer cham Germany2015 p.234.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-24574-4_28"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_24_1","first-page":"265","volume-title":"USENIX Symposium on Operating Systems Designand Implementation","author":"Abadi M.","year":"2016"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_25_1","first-page":"201","volume":"2","author":"Manoharan S.","year":"2020","journal-title":"Artif. Intell."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10994-006-6889-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_27_1","author":"Levesque R.","year":"2006","journal-title":"A Guide for SPSS and SAS Users"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcm.2016.02.012"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.18-26381"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TMI.2010.2087390"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TMI.2008.923966"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2014\/479268"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1364\/OE.18.019413"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/42.952728"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_35_1","first-page":"166","volume-title":"Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society","author":"Srinath N.","year":"2014"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1364\/BOE.9.006067"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neucom.2017.01.023"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-018-37186-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-019-49816-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1167\/tvst.9.11.12"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JBHI.2020.3023144"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_42_1","first-page":"1","volume":"11","author":"Hsia W. P.","year":"2021","journal-title":"Appl. Sci\u2010Basel"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12886-018-1008-7"}],"container-title":["Journal of Biophotonics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/jbio.202200370","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/jbio.202200370","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/jbio.202200370","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,20]],"date-time":"2023-08-20T04:12:26Z","timestamp":1692504746000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/jbio.202200370"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,16]]},"references-count":42,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,6]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/jbio.202200370"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/jbio.202200370","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1864-063X","1864-0648"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1864-063X","type":"print"},{"value":"1864-0648","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,16]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2022-12-05","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2023-01-09","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2023-02-16","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e202200370"}}