{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,27]],"date-time":"2026-03-27T23:24:50Z","timestamp":1774653890647,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,22]],"date-time":"2023-03-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1679443200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Biophotonics"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Along with other COVID\u201019 clinical manifestations, management of both olfactory and gustatory dysfunction have drawn a considerable attention. Photobiomodulation (PBM) has emerged to be a possible effective therapy in restoring taste and smell functionality, but the evidence is scarce. Hence, the present pilot study is aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of intranasal and intraoral PBM administrations in management of anosmia and ageusia respectively. Twenty Caucasian subjects who diagnosed with anosmia and ageusia were recruited. Visual analogue scale was utilised to evaluate patients\u2019 self\u2010reported for both olfactory and gustatory functionality. The laser\u2010PBM parameters and treatment protocols for anosmia and ageusia were as follows respectively: 660\u2009nm, 100\u2009mW, two points intranasally, 60\u2009J\/session, 12 sessions; dual wavelengths (660\u2009nm and 808\u2009nm), 100\u2009mW, three points intraorally, 216\u2009J\/session, 12 sessions. Our results showed a significant functionality improvement of both olfactory and gustatory functionality. Extensive studies with large data and long\u2010term follow\u2010up period are warranted.<jats:inline-graphic xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" xlink:href=\"graphic\/jbio202300003-gra-0001.png\" xlink:title=\"image\"\/><\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jbio.202300003","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,17]],"date-time":"2023-03-17T06:23:12Z","timestamp":1679034192000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Can photobiomodulation restore anosmia and ageusia induced by <scp>COVID<\/scp>\u201019? A pilot clinical study"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Vitor Hugo","family":"Panhoca","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Physics of Sao Carlos University of Sao Paulo (USP)  Sao Paulo Brazil"},{"name":"Development and Training Center for Post\u2010Covid\u201019 Patient Rehabilitation Technologies and Procedures (CITESC\u2010INOVA)  Sao Carlos Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"La\u00eds Tatiane","family":"Ferreira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Physics of Sao Carlos University of Sao Paulo (USP)  Sao Paulo Brazil"},{"name":"Development and Training Center for Post\u2010Covid\u201019 Patient Rehabilitation Technologies and Procedures (CITESC\u2010INOVA)  Sao Carlos Brazil"},{"name":"Central Paulista University Center\u2010UNICEP  Sao Carlos Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Viviane Brocca","family":"de 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