{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T09:18:16Z","timestamp":1787044696929,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,2]],"date-time":"2023-10-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1696204800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003246","name":"Nederlandse Organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["15825"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["15825"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003246","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Biophotonics"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>During thyroid surgery fast and reliable intra\u2010operative pathological feedback has the potential to avoid a two\u2010stage procedure and significantly reduce health care costs in patients undergoing a diagnostic hemithyroidectomy (HT). We explored higher harmonic generation (HHG) microscopy, which combines second harmonic generation (SHG), third harmonic generation (THG), and multiphoton excited autofluorescence (MPEF) for this purpose. With a compact, portable HHG microscope, images of freshly excised healthy tissue, benign nodules (follicular adenoma) and malignant tissue (papillary carcinoma, follicular carcinoma and spindle cell carcinoma) were recorded. The images were generated on unprocessed tissue within minutes and show relevant morphological thyroid structures in good accordance with the histology images. The thyroid follicle architecture, cells, cell nuclei (THG), collagen organization (SHG) and the distribution of thyroglobulin and\/or thyroid hormones T3 or T4 (MPEF) could be visualized. We conclude that SHG\/THG\/MPEF imaging is a promising tool for clinical intraoperative assessment of thyroid tissue.<jats:inline-graphic xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" xlink:href=\"graphic\/jbio202300079-gra-0001.png\" xlink:title=\"image\"\/><\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jbio.202300079","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,19]],"date-time":"2023-09-19T16:37:32Z","timestamp":1695141452000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Compact portable higher harmonic generation microscopy for the real time assessment of unprocessed thyroid tissue"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"S. D.","family":"Kok","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Faculty of Science, Department of Physics, LaserLab  Amsterdam The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"P. M. Rodriguez","family":"Schaap","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery Amsterdam UMC, location VUmc  Amsterdam The Netherlands"},{"name":"Cancer Center Amsterdam Amsterdam UMC  Amsterdam The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"L.","family":"van Dommelen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery Amsterdam UMC, location VUmc  Amsterdam The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4707-2410","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"L. M. G.","family":"van Huizen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Faculty of Science, Department of Physics, LaserLab  Amsterdam The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C.","family":"Dickhoff","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery Amsterdam UMC, location VUmc  Amsterdam The Netherlands"},{"name":"Cancer Center Amsterdam Amsterdam UMC  Amsterdam The Netherlands"},{"name":"Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery Amsterdam UMC, location VUmc  Amsterdam The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"E. M. Nieveen\u2010van","family":"Dijkum","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery Amsterdam UMC, location VUmc  Amsterdam The Netherlands"},{"name":"Cancer Center Amsterdam Amsterdam UMC  Amsterdam The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A. 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