{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T00:11:30Z","timestamp":1777594290201,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,13]],"date-time":"2023-09-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1694563200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["81860170"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81860170"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Biophotonics"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>As a new technology for treating dry eye diseases, phototherapy has attracted great attention, but the research on its safety and effectiveness is limited. In this study, the therapeutic effects of low\u2010color\u2010temperature light\u2010emitting diodes on dry eye in humans, rabbits, and rats were investigated.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>In clinical experiments, subjects in both groups read the same paper for 3\u2009h under light sources of two color temperatures: 1900\u2009K (low\u2010color\u2010temperature light\u2010emitting diodes) or 4000\u2009K (artificial fluorescent white light\u2010emitting diodes). The differences in the non\u2010invasive tear film breakup time, tear meniscus height, and conjunctival congestion scores before and after the experiment were compared between the two groups. In animal experiments, corneal epithelial barrier function and tear production of Sprague\u2013Dawley rats and New Zealand white rabbits with dry eye were compared before and after low\u2010color\u2010temperature light\u2010emitting diodes treatment. TUNEL staining and Western blotting were used to detect the apoptosis of corneal and conjunctival cells and the expression of inflammatory factor IL\u20101\u03b2.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Low\u2010color\u2010temperature light\u2010emitting diodes prolonged tear film breakup time in patients with dry eye. Moreover, it increased tear secretion, decreased fluorescein sodium staining scores, corneal and conjunctival cell apoptosis, and inflammatory factor expression in rabbits and rats with dry eye.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Low\u2010color\u2010temperature light\u2010emitting diodes phototherapy can be used as an effective treatment for dry eye, reducing its symptoms and related ocular surface damage in humans, rabbits, and rats.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:inline-graphic xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" xlink:href=\"graphic\/jbio202300188-gra-0001.png\" xlink:title=\"image\"\/><\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/jbio.202300188","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,1]],"date-time":"2023-09-01T06:28:42Z","timestamp":1693549722000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Therapeutic effects of low\u2010color\u2010temperature light\u2010emitting diodes on dry eye"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Yulian","family":"Pang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Affiliated Eye Hospital of Nanchang University Jiangxi Research Institute of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Ophthalmology  Nanchang Jiangxi China"},{"name":"Nanchang University School of Ophthalmology &amp; Optometry  Nanchang Jiangxi China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ting","family":"Cao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Affiliated Eye Hospital of Nanchang University Jiangxi Research Institute of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Ophthalmology  Nanchang Jiangxi China"},{"name":"Department of Orthopaedics The Fourth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital  Beijing China"},{"name":"Medical School of Chinese PLA  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Haijian","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Affiliated Eye Hospital of Nanchang University Jiangxi Research Institute of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Ophthalmology  Nanchang Jiangxi China"},{"name":"Nanchang University School of Ophthalmology &amp; Optometry  Nanchang Jiangxi China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zhida","family":"Peng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Affiliated Eye Hospital of Nanchang University Jiangxi Research Institute of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Ophthalmology  Nanchang Jiangxi China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ke","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Affiliated Eye Hospital of Nanchang University Jiangxi Research Institute of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Ophthalmology  Nanchang Jiangxi China"},{"name":"Nanchang University School of Ophthalmology &amp; Optometry  Nanchang Jiangxi China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yi","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Affiliated Eye Hospital of Nanchang University Jiangxi Research Institute of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Ophthalmology  Nanchang Jiangxi China"},{"name":"Nanchang University School of Ophthalmology &amp; Optometry  Nanchang Jiangxi China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Feifei","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Affiliated Eye Hospital of Nanchang University Jiangxi Research Institute of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Ophthalmology  Nanchang Jiangxi China"},{"name":"Nanchang University School of Ophthalmology &amp; Optometry  Nanchang Jiangxi China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ming","family":"Jin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Affiliated Eye Hospital of Nanchang University Jiangxi Research Institute of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Ophthalmology  Nanchang Jiangxi China"},{"name":"Nanchang University School of Ophthalmology &amp; Optometry  Nanchang Jiangxi China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ling","family":"Zeng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Affiliated Eye Hospital of Nanchang University Jiangxi Research Institute of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Ophthalmology  Nanchang Jiangxi China"},{"name":"Nanchang University School of Ophthalmology &amp; Optometry  Nanchang Jiangxi China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0870-7823","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xu","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Affiliated Eye Hospital of Nanchang University Jiangxi Research Institute of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Ophthalmology  Nanchang Jiangxi China"},{"name":"Nanchang University School of Ophthalmology &amp; Optometry  Nanchang Jiangxi China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtos.2017.05.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/ICO.0b013e318295a2a5"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","first-page":"1137","volume":"116","author":"Yamamoto Y.","year":"2012","journal-title":"Nippon Ganka Gakkai Zasshi"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exer.2019.01.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.13-13441"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.freeradbiomed.2018.07.012"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/eye.2015.252"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jphotobiol.2020.112099"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exer.2014.08.012"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neurobiolaging.2012.04.014"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-17121-0_58"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.07-0720"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0161041"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_1","first-page":"443","volume":"34","author":"Xiong C.","year":"2016","journal-title":"Chin J Exp Ophthalmol"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exer.2013.08.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/IJN.S192407"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2020.110577"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/08164622.2021.1878866"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/OPTH.S307020"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/ICU.0000000000000569"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/ICO.0000000000000735"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcjo.2016.01.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/ICU.0000000000000768"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/pho.2014.3819"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5978\/islsm.20.205"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/OPTH.S213664"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jfo.2020.09.037"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10439-011-0454-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-022-07427-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_31_1","first-page":"58","volume":"8","author":"Toyos R.","year":"2017","journal-title":"Investig Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2021\/2023246"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_33_1","first-page":"41","volume":"32","author":"Avci P.","year":"2013","journal-title":"Semin Cutaneous Med Surg"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JSTQE.2016.2561201"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/OPTH.S318885"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.25289\/ML.2019.8.2.50"}],"container-title":["Journal of Biophotonics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/jbio.202300188","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,11]],"date-time":"2024-01-11T01:05:32Z","timestamp":1704935132000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/jbio.202300188"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,13]]},"references-count":35,"journal-issue":{"issue":"12","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,12]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/jbio.202300188"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/jbio.202300188","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1864-063X","1864-0648"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1864-063X","type":"print"},{"value":"1864-0648","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,13]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2023-05-23","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2023-08-21","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2023-09-13","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e202300188"}}