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Herein, we proposed a novel strategy based on the combination of label\u2010free serum surface\u2010enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) spectroscopy and machine learning for rapid and non\u2010invasive diagnosis of early\u2010stage CE. Specifically, by establishing early\u2010 and middle\u2010stage mouse models, the corresponding CE\u2010infected and normal control serum samples were collected, and silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were utilized as the substrate to obtain SERS spectra. The early\u2010 and middle\u2010stage discriminant models were developed using a support vector machine, with diagnostic accuracies of 91.7% and 95.7%, respectively. Furthermore, by analyzing the serum SERS spectra, some biomarkers that may be related to early CE were found, including purine metabolites and protein\u2010related amide bands, which was consistent with other biochemical studies. Thus, our findings indicate that label\u2010free serum SERS analysis is a potential early\u2010stage CE detection method that is promising for clinical translation.<jats:inline-graphic xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" xlink:href=\"graphic\/jbio202300376-gra-0001.png\" xlink:title=\"image\"\/><\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jbio.202300376","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,2]],"date-time":"2024-01-02T04:55:18Z","timestamp":1704171318000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Machine learning\u2010assisted serum <scp>SERS<\/scp> strategy for rapid and non\u2010invasive screening of early cystic echinococcosis"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Xiangxiang","family":"Zheng","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Tianjin Key Laboratory for Control Theory &amp; Applications in Complicated Systems, School of Electrical Engineering and Automation Tianjin University of Technology  Tianjin China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jintian","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Public Healthy Xinjiang Medical University  Urumqi China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1770-574X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Guodong","family":"L\u00fc","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Prevention and Treatment of High Incidence Diseases in Central Asia, Clinical Medical Research Institute The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University  Urumqi China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaojing","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tianjin Key Laboratory for Control Theory &amp; Applications in Complicated Systems, School of Electrical Engineering and Automation Tianjin University of Technology  Tianjin China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaoyi","family":"L\u00fc","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Software Xinjiang University  Urumqi China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guohua","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Electronic Engineering Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications  Beijing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Liang","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tianjin Key Laboratory for Control Theory &amp; Applications in Complicated Systems, School of Electrical Engineering and Automation Tianjin University of Technology  Tianjin China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.00075-18"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-019-56098-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.e3866"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.14218\/JCTH.2015.00036"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0007107","volume":"13","author":"Chen J.","year":"2019","journal-title":"PLoS Negl. 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